Arduino micro-controller on the left, Raspberry Pi in the middle and C.H.I.P. single-board computer on the right

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Arduino vs Raspberry Pi, highlighting their essentials, key features, and recent developments, helping you make an informed decision for your next project. 

Arduino vs Raspberry Pi: Choosing the Right Platform for Your Next Project

In the world of electronic design and development, the importance of power analysis has surged, driven by the push for energy efficiency and sustainability in today’s technology. Tools like the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/de/p/qoitech-otii-arc-pro-dc-power-analyzer-5a-max-5v-max/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Qoitech Otii Arc Pro DC Power Analyzer&nbsp;</a>emerge as pivotal solutions, catering to engineers' and designers’ needs to optimize power consumption and enhance device battery life.Advancements in Electronic Design Automation (EDA) and the growing complexity of power delivery networks (PDNs) shape the landscape of power analysis. These developments underscore the need for sophisticated analysis tools that can navigate the challenges of modern electronic design, from managing multiple power domains to optimizing for low power consumption.The Qoitech Otii Arc Pro stands at the forefront of this field, offering precise, in-depth insights into devices’ power usage, facilitating the identification of inefficiencies, and driving the optimization of power management strategies. Its role is crucial in enabling the development of energy-efficient, high-performance devices that meet the demands of an increasingly connected and environmentally conscious world.In this article, we dive into the critical role of power analysis in electronic design and development, highlighting the growing need for efficient power management in the face of advancing technology.<h2 dir="ltr">Overview of the Qoitech Otii Arc Pro</h2>The <a href="https://www.qoitech.com/otii-arc-pro/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Qoitech Otii Arc Pro</a> is a compact, versatile instrument designed for developers and engineers focusing on power analysis and battery optimization for low-power devices. It is a powerful tool, providing real-time analysis and measurements for current, voltage, and power, thereby making it an essential device for optimising energy consumption and extending the battery life of IoT devices and applications.<h3 dir="ltr">Compact and Portable Design</h3>The Otii Arc Pro is characterised by its compact and lightweight design, making it highly portable for field measurements, lab work, and office use. It measures 10.9 x 14.4 x 4.4cm and weighs 450 grams, ensuring ease of transport and use in various environments without a traditional lab setup.<h3 dir="ltr">Powerful Features for Versatile Use</h3>Capable of handling a maximum current of up to 5A and a voltage range of 0.5V to 5V, the Otii Arc Pro can be powered by USB or an external DC adapter, offering flexibility depending on the testing environment and device requirements. Its precise measurement capabilities are complemented by the Otii software, which runs on Windows, Ubuntu, and macOS. It provides an intuitive interface for real-time analysis, statistics generation, and energy consumption monitoring.The device includes various technical specifications, such as a current measurement accuracy of ±(0.1% + 50 nA), voltage accuracy of ±(0.1% + 1.5 mV), and a sample rate of up to 4ksps, making it an accurate and reliable tool for detailed power analysis. The Otii Arc Pro also offers additional functionalities through its software, supporting a wide range of analyses and optimisations for energy consumption.Its ability to conduct detailed power analysis and battery optimisation on the go empowers users to tackle energy efficiency challenges directly in the field, enhancing the development of power-efficient hardware and software solutions.<h3 dir="ltr">Software and Support</h3>The Otii Arc Pro is supported by Otii Basic perpetual software. As part of a recent update, it now includes a perpetual license for Otii Pro software at no additional cost, offering advanced features and capabilities for users who require in-depth analysis and optimization tools. This change provides significant value, allowing access to enhanced functionalities such as scripting and profiling for batteries and energy harvesting solutions without needing a separate subscription. Additional software modules can still be purchased for extended functionalities.<h3>Key Features and Benefits</h3>The Qoitech Otii Arc Pro stands out for its precision, versatility, and user-friendly interface. It is an indispensable tool for developers and engineers focused on power optimization and battery life extension.<h3 dir="ltr">Precise Power Measurement</h3>The Otii Arc Pro distinguishes itself with exceptional accuracy and resolution in power measurements. It offers a current measurement accuracy of ±(0.1% + 50 nA) and a voltage accuracy of ±(0.1% + 1.5 mV), with a sample rate of up to 4k samples per second.&nbsp;This high level of precision is crucial for accurately assessing device power consumption, enabling developers to pinpoint energy inefficiencies and optimise device performance. The precise power measurement capability ensures that even the smallest power draw is accounted for, providing a detailed understanding of a device's energy needs.<h3 dir="ltr">Versatile Application Support</h3>The Otii Arc Pro is designed to support various devices and applications, making it an ideal tool for various sectors, including IoT devices, wearable technology, and any battery-powered device. Its ability to measure current from nA to 5A across a voltage range of 0.5V to 5V makes it versatile enough to handle everything from low-power sensors to more demanding electronic devices.&nbsp;This versatility is further enhanced by its software, which supports real-time energy profiling and optimisation across different stages of development, from initial design to final product testing.<h3 dir="ltr">User-Friendly Software Interface</h3>The Otii software enhances the overall usability of the Otii Arc Pro through an intuitive and customizable interface. It offers users a comprehensive set of analysis tools and project settings, making conducting detailed power and energy measurements easier.&nbsp;The software provides real-time analysis capabilities, allowing for the immediate visualization of power consumption patterns and the identification of power-hungry processes. Users can easily scroll, zoom, and select parts of the current consumption data for in-depth analysis.&nbsp;Additionally, the software supports unlimited undo/redo actions and maintains a fully responsive UI even under heavy data measurement loads, ensuring a smooth user experience.&nbsp;<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzEyOTIzODM0NDE0LVNjcmVlbnNob3QgMjAyNC0wNC0xMiAxNDEwMTcucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Otii software comes as powerful yet easy-to-use desktop application for Ubuntu, Windows &amp; macOS. Image: Qoitech.<h3 dir="ltr">Extended Battery Analysis</h3>The Otii Arc Pro's extended battery analysis features offer the capability to simulate various battery profiles and analyze battery life extensively. This functionality is especially crucial for developing portable and remote devices, where battery life is key.&nbsp;The Otii Arc Pro comprehensively assesses a device's performance under various power scenarios by enabling developers to emulate different battery types and conditions. It helps identify potential inefficiencies and optimize battery usage, thereby extending the operational lifespan of the device.<h3 dir="ltr">Integration with Development Workflows</h3>Integration with existing development and testing workflows is another standout feature of the Otii Arc Pro. It supports scripting and automation, allowing developers to automate tests and directly integrate power and energy measurements into their development pipelines.&nbsp;This seamless integration facilitates continuous monitoring and optimization of power consumption throughout the development process, from initial prototyping to final product testing. By enabling automated testing and analysis, the Otii Arc Pro enhances productivity and ensures that power optimization is a consistent focus throughout product development.<h2>Use Cases</h2>The Qoitech Otii Arc Pro has found numerous applications in the real world, showcasing its versatility and effectiveness in optimizing power consumption across a wide range of industries. From ensuring consumer electronics' longevity to enhancing IoT devices' operational efficiency in agriculture, the Otii Arc Pro plays a crucial role in various settings.<h3>Optimizing Power Consumption in IoT Devices</h3>Maintaining optimal power consumption is a critical challenge in the rapidly expanding domain of the Internet of Things (IoT). The Otii Arc Pro is instrumental in addressing this challenge by allowing developers to accurately measure and analyze the power usage of their devices in real-time. This capability is particularly valuable when devices must operate on limited power sources for extended periods, such as in smart home applications, wearable technology, and remote monitoring systems. By identifying and minimizing energy wastage, the Otii Arc Pro helps significantly extend the battery life of these devices, thereby enhancing their reliability and user experience.<h3 dir="ltr">Prolonging Battery Life in Consumer Electronics</h3>Consumer electronics, including smartphones, laptops, and wearable devices, are integral to daily life. The Otii Arc Pro aids manufacturers in these sectors by providing detailed insights into the power consumption patterns of their products. Through meticulous analysis, developers can optimize the energy efficiency of these devices, ensuring they offer longer battery life. This not only meets the consumer's expectations for durability and performance but also contributes to the sustainability of the products by reducing the frequency of charging and lowering the environmental impact.<h3 dir="ltr">Quality Control in Manufacturing</h3>In industrial settings, such as factories, the Otii Arc Pro can be used for quality control to ensure that equipment operates within specified power consumption parameters. This application is crucial for maintaining the efficiency and reliability of manufacturing processes, where any deviation in power usage can indicate potential equipment setup or function issues. By integrating the Otii Arc Pro into their quality control routines, manufacturers can preemptively address these issues, ensuring their machinery operates optimally and reducing downtime.These practical applications underscore the Otii Arc Pro's versatility and effectiveness in enhancing energy efficiency and optimising power consumption across various industries.<h3 dir="ltr">Comparison with Other Power Analyzers</h3>The Qoitech Otii Arc Pro distinguishes itself from other power analyzers in several key aspects, offering unique features and benefits for users focusing on precision, user interface, and efficiency in power analysis and battery optimization.Precision and Measurement Capabilities: The Otii Arc Pro delivers high precision in both current and voltage measurements, essential for accurately gauging the power consumption of devices. It features an impressive current measurement accuracy of ±(0.1% + 50 nA) and voltage measurement total accuracy of ±(0.1% + 1.5 mV), which stands out when compared to many competitors. This level of precision is critical for developers working on low-power devices, where even small inaccuracies can significantly affect the outcome of power consumption analyses.User Interface and Software Features:&nbsp;The Otii software, which comes with the Otii Arc Pro, enhances the user experience by providing a clear and intuitive interface for conducting measurements and analyzing data. It offers a comprehensive suite of features, including the ability to synchronize expansion port and power measurements, thereby making it easier for developers to correlate power consumption with application states. This seamless integration of hardware with software simplifies the process of identifying and addressing power inefficiencies.Unique Features for Battery Optimization:&nbsp;One of the standout features of the Otii Arc Pro is its battery toolbox, which supports battery emulation and profiling. This allows developers to accurately model and test their devices under various battery conditions without the need for physical battery changes, ultimately leading to more energy-efficient designs. By utilizing this feature, companies have been able to switch to smaller, more cost-effective batteries that still meet their operational requirements, such as achieving a battery life of 6 months, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and reducing the cost of their products.Comparison with Competitors:&nbsp;When compared to other power analyzers, the Otii Arc Pro's combination of precision, ease of use, and specialized features for battery optimization set it apart. For example, its ability to both source and sink current, alongside a comprehensive software suite that facilitates battery emulation and profiling, is not commonly found in other power analysis tools. This versatility makes it an invaluable tool for a wide range of applications, from IoT devices to other battery-powered technologies.<h2>Final Thoughts</h2>The Qoitech Otii Arc Pro has emerged as a pivotal tool in the field of electronics development, particularly for those focused on enhancing energy efficiency and fostering sustainable technology innovations. This compact, yet remarkably powerful device, serves a multifaceted role—acting as a power profiler, DC energy analyzer, power supply, digital multimeter, and SMU, all designed to streamline the development process of electronic devices.One of the Otii Arc Pro's standout features is its ability to precisely source voltage or current while simultaneously measuring these parameters. This capability is critical for engineers and developers aiming to pinpoint and mitigate energy drains within their devices, thereby optimizing battery life and overall energy consumption.Moreover, the Otii Arc Pro's design incorporates a synchronization expansion port and power measurements, enabling seamless correlation of power consumption with the application state, thereby offering a comprehensive view of a device's energy profile.The versatility, precision, and comprehensive feature set of the Otii Arc Pro underscore its value in creating energy-efficient and environmentally friendly electronic solutions. As we look towards a future where sustainability is increasingly paramount, tools like the Otii Arc Pro play a crucial role in enabling developers to meet these challenges head-on, fostering innovations that are not only technologically advanced but also kind to our planet.In conclusion, the integration of the Qoitech Otii Arc Pro into the electronics development workflow offers a pathway to significantly improve product performance and environmental sustainability. By leveraging this tool, developers can gain deeper insights into their devices' energy consumption, unlocking new opportunities for optimization and efficiency that benefit both the end-users and the environment.<h2>References</h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.electromaker.io/blog/article/unveiling-quitechs-oti-range-of-power-monitors-a-game-changer-for-iot-devices" target="_blank">https://www.electromaker.io/blog/article/unveiling-quitechs-oti-range-of-power-monitors-a-game-changer-for-iot-devices</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.qoitech.com/otii-arc-pro/" target="_blank">https://www.qoitech.com/otii-arc-pro/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.cnx-software.com/2020/03/20/a-first-look-at-otii-arc-power-supply-power-meter-and-daq-unit/" target="_blank">https://www.cnx-software.com/2020/03/20/a-first-look-at-otii-arc-power-supply-power-meter-and-daq-unit/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.wevolver.com/specs/otii-arc-pro" target="_blank">https://www.wevolver.com/specs/otii-arc-pro</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://no.rs-online.com/web/p/power-quality-analysers/2564687" target="_blank">https://no.rs-online.com/web/p/power-quality-analysers/2564687</a></li></ol>

Discover the Qoitech Otii Arc Pro, the ultimate power analysis tool for enhancing device energy efficiency. Learn how its precision, user-friendly interface, and unique battery optimization features can transform your electronic design and development projects for the better.

Qoitech for power analysis and battery optimisation

Technology plays an instrumental role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of pipelines across various sectors, from domestic to commercial and mining. As industries strive for more robust solutions, introducing smart pipeline inspection technologies marks a significant leap forward.At the heart of this innovation is the OKdo ROCK 3 Compute Module (CM3), a powerful tool designed to elevate the precision and reliability of pipeline inspections. The ROCK 3 Compute Module (CM3) is an innovation in smart pipeline inspection. Developed through the collaboration of OKdo Technology and Radxa, the ROCK 3 CM3 display the intersection of advanced technology and practical application.&nbsp;OKdo ROCK 3 Compute Module is a compact yet powerful system-on-module (SoM) that leverages the Rockchip RK3566 System on Chip (SoC). Its capabilities are not just limited to raw performance but extend to wireless connectivity, with WiFi® 5 and Bluetooth® 5.0, making it an ideal candidate for remote and autonomous pipeline inspection systems. These systems can perform detailed monitoring and predictive maintenance, fundamentally transforming the approach to pipeline management and setting a new standard for operational excellence.&nbsp;In this article, we will dive deeper into how the ROCK 3 compute module is changing how pipeline inspection systems are built and introducing immense precision and cost benefits with a wide range of applications.<h2 dir="ltr">The Challenge of Pipeline Inspection&nbsp;</h2>The challenge of pipeline inspection is multifaceted, evolving with the advancing infrastructure demands and technological capabilities. Pipelines, crucial for transporting natural gas, petroleum products, and other energy resources, face numerous challenges throughout their lifecycle. These challenges stem from various sources, including environmental conditions, the complexity of the pipeline systems, and the physical and operational stresses they endure.&nbsp;<h3 dir="ltr">Accessibility Issues</h3>Pipeline networks are often situated in environments with significant accessibility challenges. These include subsea locations, remote areas, and locations with extreme weather conditions, making routine inspections difficult and costly. For instance, the depth of subsea pipelines complicates the delivery of well-proven inspection technologies without resorting to expensive equipment and procedures.&nbsp;<h3 dir="ltr">Continuous Monitoring Needs</h3>The ongoing integrity of pipelines is critical to preventing leaks, ruptures, and other failures that can lead to environmental damage, economic losses, and safety hazards. Continuous monitoring is essential but challenging due to the extensive lengths of pipelines and the difficulty of accessing many sections. Digital twin technology and remote monitoring developments are promising but require complex data management and interpretation.&nbsp;<h3 dir="ltr">Risk of Human Error in Detecting Faults</h3>Human error in detecting faults remains a significant risk in pipeline inspection. This risk is exacerbated by the reliance on complex inspection techniques that require specialised knowledge to interpret. Advanced non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, such as magnetic flux leakage (MFL), ultrasonic testing (UT), electromagnetic acoustic technology (EMAT), and eddy current testing (EC), have been developed to address this. These methods, employed through Pipeline Inspection Gauges (PIGs) or un-peggable robotic inspection systems, help mitigate human error but also introduce challenges in data management and analysis.&nbsp;Inspecting and maintaining pipelines are critical yet challenging tasks that require a sophisticated blend of technology, human expertise, and continuous innovation.&nbsp;The ROCK 3 Compute Module (CM3), developed by OKdo Technology in collaboration with Radxa, represents a significant advancement in embedded computing solutions. This compact module is specifically engineered for various applications, from digital signage and smart home automation to complex industrial processes and pipeline inspection technologies.&nbsp;The key features of the ROCK 3 Compute Module (CM3):<ul><li dir="ltr">Rockchip RK3566 SoC: A powerful System on Chip featuring a quad-core Arm® Cortex®-A55 CPU, tailored for efficient processing and capable of handling multitasking and demanding applications.</li><li dir="ltr">Memory: Up to 4GB LPDDR4 RAM, ensuring smooth operation and quick data handling, essential for efficiently processing large volumes of data.</li><li dir="ltr">Storage: Up to 32GB eMMC storage, offering substantial space for operating systems, applications, and data storage, enhancing its versatility in various embedded solutions.</li><li dir="ltr">Wireless Connectivity:<ul><li dir="ltr">WiFi® 5: Allows for seamless internet and network connections.</li><li dir="ltr">Bluetooth® 5.0: Facilitates easy communication with other devices and sensors, which is particularly beneficial for IoT (Internet of Things) applications.</li></ul></li><li dir="ltr">Compact Design: Dimensions of 55mm x 40mm, making it highly adaptable for integrating a wide range of design frameworks.</li><li dir="ltr">Versatility and Applicability: The module's capabilities make it suitable for various applications, from IoT devices to complex industrial systems, expanding its utility in the modern technological landscape.</li></ul>The comprehensive feature set of ROCK 3 CM3 shows its capacity to revolutionise various applications by offering a robust, versatile, and efficient computing solution that caters to the evolving demands of the technology and innovation landscape.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1712923205790-rock-cm3-compute-module-okdo-rad.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><h2 dir="ltr">A Hypothetical Smart Pipeline Inspection Solution</h2><h3 dir="ltr">Design and Functionality</h3>This hypothetical smart pipeline inspection system, leveraging the ROCK CM3 module, could revolutionise managing pipeline integrity. The system could be designed to include a range of sensors capable of detecting leaks, corrosion, and other anomalies that may compromise pipeline integrity. Additionally, integrating a high-resolution camera would enable visual inspection, allowing for a detailed examination of the pipeline's internal surfaces. These components could work in concert to provide a comprehensive assessment of pipeline health, identifying potential issues before they become critical failures.<h3 dir="ltr">Data Processing and AI Capabilities</h3>The ROCK CM3, with its powerful Rockchip RK3566 System on Chip (SoC), Quad-core Arm® Cortex®-A55 CPU, and Arm Mali™-G52-2EE GPU, is exceptionally well-suited for advanced data analysis and AI-driven decision-making processes. Its processing power allows for the implementation of sophisticated AI algorithms capable of real-time fault detection and predictive maintenance strategies. This could significantly enhance the inspection system's efficiency, enabling it to analyze vast amounts of sensor and camera data on the fly to identify subtle indicators of wear, corrosion, or leaks that might be invisible to the human eye. The module's Neural Processing Unit (NPU) supports deep learning frameworks like TensorFlow and PyTorch, facilitating the development of custom AI models that can improve over time through machine learning techniques.<h3 dir="ltr">Connectivity and Remote Monitoring</h3>With built-in WiFi 5 and Bluetooth 5.0 capabilities, the ROCK CM3 module ensures seamless transmission of inspection data to a central monitoring system. This connectivity feature enables real-time data analysis and immediate alerting mechanisms, ensuring that any detected issues can be addressed promptly. Remote monitoring capabilities facilitated by the module's connectivity options mean that operators can constantly watch pipeline health from anywhere, significantly reducing the need for manual inspections and increasing the overall efficiency of pipeline maintenance operations.The ROCK CM3's powerful processing capabilities and advanced connectivity options provide a solid foundation for developing a smart pipeline inspection system. Such a system could dramatically improve the efficacy and reliability of pipeline inspections, utilizing cutting-edge technology to safeguard critical infrastructure efficiently and effectively.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1712923271780-shutterstock_1035745327.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Remote monitoring capabilities facilitated by the module's connectivity options ensure pipelines ensure access for pipes in all locations.&nbsp;<h2 dir="ltr">Potential Impact and Benefits</h2>The advent of smart pipeline inspection systems, such as those leveraging the capabilities of the ROCK CM3 module, presents a paradigm shift in how pipeline integrity and maintenance are approached. These systems offer a range of benefits, from improved safety to cost savings, all while ensuring regulatory compliance and minimising environmental impact.<h3 dir="ltr">Improved Safety and Early Issue Detection</h3>One of the primary benefits of smart inspection systems is their enhanced safety. By utilizing technologies like smart pigs, eddy current testing, and magnetic flux leakage, these systems can detect defects, corrosion, and leaks early on. This capability significantly reduces the risk of accidents, spills, and environmental damage, ensuring the well-being of both people and the planet. The predictive nature of these technologies allows for proactive maintenance, addressing potential issues before they escalate into major problems.<h3 dir="ltr">Reduced Maintenance Costs and Downtime</h3>Smart pipeline inspection systems can significantly cut down maintenance costs and operational downtime. By enabling in-service inspections, these systems eliminate the need for pipeline shutdowns, which are time-consuming and expensive. The detailed data collected allows for accurate assessments, minimizing the need for repeated inspections or extensive repair work. Moreover, predictive maintenance strategies, facilitated by data from sensors, can forecast future failures, allowing for timely interventions that prevent costly unplanned shutdowns.<h3 dir="ltr">Compliance with Regulations and Environmental Protection</h3>Smart inspection systems help ensure compliance with increasingly stringent regulatory requirements, safeguarding against leaks and corrosion that can lead to regulatory penalties. By promptly addressing these issues, companies can avoid legal repercussions and maintain their operating license. Additionally, the systems play a crucial role in environmental protection, detecting leaks early to prevent spills and contamination, thus supporting sustainable operations.Deploying smart pipeline inspection systems that leverage the power of the ROCK CM3 module offers substantial benefits across various dimensions. These systems enhance safety and efficiency and ensure compliance and environmental stewardship, heralding a new pipeline maintenance and operation era.<h2 dir="ltr">Future Directions</h2>The future of smart pipeline inspection technologies is poised for significant advancements, driven by integrating artificial intelligence (AI), satellite monitoring, autonomous vehicles, and enhanced sensor technologies. These innovations promise to revolutionize pipeline integrity management, offering unprecedented safety, efficiency, and environmental protection.<h3 dir="ltr">Enhanced AI and Data Analytics</h3>AI's role in pipeline inspection and monitoring is expanding, with applications ranging from leak detection to corrosion monitoring and managing ageing infrastructure. AI models are trained to interpret massive datasets more accurately and efficiently, identifying potential issues before they pose a risk. As computational capabilities grow, these AI systems' precision and predictive power will enable more proactive maintenance strategies and operational optimisations.<h3 dir="ltr">Satellite-based Monitoring</h3>Satellite technology, combined with AI, is emerging as a powerful tool for pipeline monitoring, offering a bird's eye view of infrastructure spread over vast and often remote areas. This approach detects third-party interference, vegetation changes, and ground deformations, among other risk factors. The high temporal frequency of satellite imagery and analyses enables daily reports, making it a highly effective monitoring solution.<h3 dir="ltr">Autonomous Inspection Vehicles</h3>The development of autonomous robots for subsea pipeline inspection represents a leap forward in ensuring the safety and integrity of underwater infrastructure. These robots, equipped with smart touch sensors, video cameras, and scanning sonars, can autonomously navigate along pipelines, detecting leaks, structural failures, and corrosion with high accuracy. This technology reduces the risk associated with human-operated inspections and significantly cuts costs and environmental impact.<h3 dir="ltr">Integration of Additional Sensors</h3>The future will likely see the integration of an even wider array of sensors into smart pipeline inspection systems. These could range from advanced acoustic sensors for detecting minute leaks to chemical sensors capable of identifying specific substances or changes in pipeline material integrity. Integrating such sensors, powered by the ROCK CM3's processing capabilities, would enhance the system's real-time ability to monitor a broader spectrum of potential issues.The ROCK CM3 module, with its robust processing power, connectivity options, and support for a range of interfaces and software, is well-positioned to be at the heart of these future developments. Its ability to process data from multiple sensors in real-time, support complex AI algorithms, and facilitate autonomous control of inspection vehicles makes it an ideal platform for next-generation smart pipeline inspection technologies.<h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2>The ROCK 3 Compute Module is the precipice of transforming pipeline inspection and maintenance. With its potent combination of processing power, connectivity options, and the ability to support advanced data analysis and AI algorithms, it embodies the forefront of technological innovation in infrastructure management. This module's capabilities promise to enhance safety, efficiency, and environmental protection and redefine what's possible in pipeline monitoring and maintenance. As the industry stands on the brink of this digital frontier, there's an open invitation to envision and develop new, groundbreaking applications that leverage the full power and versatility of the ROCK CM3. The journey toward smarter, more resilient infrastructure systems is just beginning, and the ROCK CM3 is poised to lead the way.<h2 dir="ltr">References:</h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://pgjonline.com/magazine/2022/january-2022-vol-249-no-1/features/artificial-intelligence-and-pipelines-a-smart-way-to-go" target="_blank">https://pgjonline.com/magazine/2022/january-2022-vol-249-no-1/features/artificial-intelligence-and-pipelines-a-smart-way-to-go</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2023/august-2023/08312023-pipeline-robot.php" target="_blank">https://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2023/august-2023/08312023-pipeline-robot.php</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.energyconnects.com/opinion/features/2021/november/diving-into-the-future-of-pipeline-monitoring-with-satellite-technology-ai/" target="_blank">https://www.energyconnects.com/opinion/features/2021/november/diving-into-the-future-of-pipeline-monitoring-with-satellite-technology-ai/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.petrosync.com/blog/pipeline-inspection/" target="_blank">https://www.petrosync.com/blog/pipeline-inspection/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-3-compute-module-cm3-4gb-32gb-with-wifi-bluetooth/" target="_blank">https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-3-compute-module-cm3-4gb-32gb-with-wifi-bluetooth/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://nz.rs-online.com/web/p/rock-sbc-boards/2493155" target="_blank">https://nz.rs-online.com/web/p/rock-sbc-boards/2493155</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://hydrotechtesting.com/smart-pigging-pipelines/" target="_blank">https://hydrotechtesting.com/smart-pigging-pipelines/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://auav.ca/how-drones-are-used-in-pipeline-inspection/" target="_blank">https://auav.ca/how-drones-are-used-in-pipeline-inspection/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.flytbase.com/blog/bvlos-pipeline-inspection-using-nested-drone-system" target="_blank">https://www.flytbase.com/blog/bvlos-pipeline-inspection-using-nested-drone-system</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://dronenodes.com/drone-pipeline-inspections-oil-gas/" target="_blank">https://dronenodes.com/drone-pipeline-inspections-oil-gas/</a></li></ol>

Explore the transformative potential of the ROCK 3 Compute Module in revolutionizing pipeline inspection. Discover the power and versatility of this innovative solution, designed to enhance safety, efficiency, and operational excellence in infrastructure maintenance.

Revolutionizing Pipeline Inspection: The Power of the ROCK 3 Compute Module

<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/the-rock-engineering-challenge" target="_blank">The ROCK Engineering Challenge</a> invited engineers, entrepreneurs, inventors, and developers to submit an idea for a part, product, or system that took advantage of the <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/specs/radxa-x-okdo-rock-4c" target="_blank">ROCK single-board computers</a>. The challenge received a significant number of submissions from across the globe, impressing the judging panel with cutting-edge applications of single-board computers. In a new series, we are speaking with entrants from the challenge to learn more about their innovative ideas. In our latest interview, we spoke to Nathan Chiama, who is looking to use OKdo SBcs to utilized implement intelligent automation in his electrical equipment manufacturing facility.&nbsp;Wevolver writer, Lori Baldwin, spoke with Nathan about his ideas for implementing automation.<hr>Lori Baldwin:&nbsp;Hi, Nathan. Nice to meet you! Could you start off by introducing yourself and telling us a bit about your company?Nathan Chiam: Certainly. I'm Nathan Chiam, I'm from Malaysia, and I work in my family business, where we specialize in designing and manufacturing electrical equipment, including main switchboards, motor control centers, PLCs, and control panels. Our products are mainly for process manufacturing industries such as food and beverage, water utility management, and various other sectors.Lori Baldwin: Can you tell us a bit more about the history of the company and your personal role? Nathan Chiam: Our company was founded in 1991, and it initially focused on manufacturing switchboards. Over time, we evolved into a system integration company specializing in PLC programming, HMI, SCADA, and DCS solutions. Personally, I didn't start with an electrical engineering background; I studied international business, management, and marketing in the UK. I returned to the family business and gradually became more involved in digitalization and modernization efforts.Lori Baldwin: What challenges did you aim to address by using a single-board computer (SBC), and what motivated you to participate in the ROCK Challenge?Nathan Chiam: My company has embarked on the Industry 4.0 journey, incentivized by the Malaysian government. It’s opened my mind to the idea of implementing intelligent automation in our factory.&nbsp; Our company was selected as part of the Industry 4.0 readiness assessment. This assessment evaluates various aspects of readiness, including system migration and cybersecurity. It aims to position companies like ours to adopt integrated solutions, similar to what's happening in Industry 4.0 around the world. I’ve envisioned integrating systems like HVAC, cameras for detection, building management, and remote monitoring. &nbsp;Lori Baldwin: How do you envisage integrating the ROCK 4C+ 4GB into making your company Industry 4.0 ready?Nathan Chiam:&nbsp;I am interested in utilizing the&nbsp;ROCK 4C+ 4GB&nbsp;single-board computer to automate my factory's building automation system, including visitor security management and automatic HR attendance recording with CCTV and ID access.The fact that the board is an AI-enabled SBC will help us to create a system to assist us in achieving our goals. Additionally, I hope that the ROCK can help reduce the cost of installation for implementing light control, fan control, compressor control, air cond control, and water control, among other things. It would be helpful to have shop floor intelligence that can detect supplier lorry number plates and advise suitable material handling equipment to the storekeeper based on the receiving list from our ERP.&nbsp;Furthermore, I hope to use a system with the ROCK to assist my workers with communicating with cobots or robots.Lori Baldwin: So, you're hoping to use the ROCK to improve your factory and increase productivity.&nbsp;Nathan Chiam: Exactly, and to streamline operations.Lori Baldwin:&nbsp;Are there any other challenges you foresee in integrating and implementing the ROCK into your factory?Nathan Chiam: Two significant hurdles are yet to be addressed. First, we need to identify the right cameras, sensors, and field devices. Secondly, we need to allocate a programmer or engineer in our company to oversee the implementation. These are the key challenges we're currently facing. Having access to a community for technical support would also be greatly beneficial.&nbsp; We are a small company with 35 employees. Many of us wear multiple hats, and it's challenging to allocate resources for SBC implementation on top of our regular tasks.&nbsp;Lori Baldwin:&nbsp;Considering the multitasking nature of your team, how do you envision SBCs easing the workload and improving efficiency in your company? Nathan Chiam: While I haven't explored all the possibilities, I believe the ROCK could help in tasks like HR attendance and payroll calculations, as well as data collection for process improvement. It's an area I hope to explore further.Lori Baldwin: How do you see the evolution of technologies like SBCs influencing future projects in your field?Nathan Chiam: I believe SBCs can be invaluable in data collection, integration with building management systems, and energy efficiency, among other things. They have the potential to bring substantial improvements to various aspects of our work. I hope to see more case studies and success stories that can help small SMEs like ours understand how to use SBCs effectively.&nbsp; Lori Baldwin: How do you see your company evolving in the future?Nathan Chiam: As the company continues its journey toward Industry 4.0, I foresee a more strategic role, focusing on digital transformation, automation, and technology adoption. We have projects with international clients, and we aim to expand our services and strengthen our presence in various industries. I hope to explore AI integration in SBCs and welcome more case studies and resources to aid SMEs in their journey towards digital transformation.<h1 dir="ltr">Using the ROCK SBC series to automate factories</h1>The ROCK Single Board Computer (SBC) can be instrumental in creating a smart factory by integrating and automating various processes. Here's how:<ul><li dir="ltr">Powerful Computing Capabilities: ROCK SBCs are equipped with powerful processors (for example, the Rockchip RK3588 SoC) that can handle complex computations and data processing tasks. This is particularly useful in a smart factory setup where real-time data analysis is crucial.</li><li dir="ltr">Versatility: ROCK SBCs support multiple operating systems, including Android and Debian/Ubuntu Linux, which means they can be used to run a wide range of factory automation software.</li><li>Connectivity: These devices come with wireless connectivity options like WiFi, Bluetooth, and Ethernet, enabling seamless integration with other devices, sensors, and systems in the factory. This can help in setting up a connected environment conducive to Industry 4.0.</li><li dir="ltr">Compact and Durable: The small form factor of ROCK SBCs makes them suitable for deployment in various industrial scenarios. They are capable of withstanding harsh conditions, which is often a requirement in factory environments.</li><li dir="ltr">Scalability: ROCK SBCs can be easily added or removed from the system, allowing the smart factory setup to scale up or down depending on the requirements.</li><li dir="ltr">Cost-Effective: Compared to traditional industrial computers, SBCs like ROCK are more cost-effective, making it easier for businesses to adopt smart factory solutions.</li><li dir="ltr">Customization: ROCK SBCs offer customization options, allowing factories to choose features and capabilities that align with their specific needs.</li><li dir="ltr">AI and ML Applications: Some versions of ROCK SBCs come with support for AI and ML applications. This can be used for predictive maintenance, quality control, and other smart factory applications.</li></ul>In a smart factory, ROCK SBCs can be deployed for tasks like:<ul><li dir="ltr">Control of automated machinery.</li><li dir="ltr">Real-time data collection and processing from IoT sensors.</li><li dir="ltr">Running advanced analytics and machine learning models for predictive maintenance.</li><li dir="ltr">Facilitating communication between various systems and machinery.</li><li dir="ltr">Enabling remote monitoring and control of factory operations.</li><li dir="ltr">By integrating ROCK SBCs into the factory setup, businesses can create a more efficient, automated, and intelligent production environment.#</li></ul><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/rock-sbc/?utm_source%3Dwevolver%26utm_campaign%3Drock%26utm_medium%3Daffiliates%26utm_content%3Drock_challenge_smart_factory&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1702919438255331&usg=AOvVaw20jgAzaccl4W8x-TmWzc_L" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Learn more about which ROCK board would enable your smart factory.</a>

In response to the OKDo Engineering Challenge provocation, Nathan Chiam utilized the ROCK SBC as a solution to implement intelligent automation in their electrical equipment manufacturing facility. 


OKdo Challenge: Interview with Nathan Chiam. Implementing intelligent automation

Single board computers (SBCs) are complete computers built on a single circuit board, with a microprocessor, memory, input/output, and other features required of a functional computer. SBCs are small, high-performance, adaptable, and easy to program, making them easy to incorporate into projects. Moreover, these devices offer a scenario of operational systems variety for developers to explore. The SBC compatibility with several operating systems enables versatility and a wide range of applications in different fields.In this context, the SBCs, such as the ROCK Series developed by <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_software" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://radxa.com/" target="_blank">Radxa</a>, have the capacity and compatibility to operate with different operational systems. This article delves into the software ecosystem of ROCK, exploring operating systems, their advantages, and how these devices attend to developers in the constantly evolving technological landscape. Furthermore, it also explores the integration of AI capabilities into SBCs and how this offers advantages for innovative applications.<h1 dir="ltr">Exploring OS Diversity on ROCK SBCs</h1>ROCK SBCs support various operating systems (OS), enabling developers to choose the platform that best suits their project requirements. The supported operating systems include Android, Debian, and Ubuntu.<h2 dir="ltr">Android in ROCK SBCs</h2>Android is an open-source operating system developed by Google and primarily used in smartphones and tablets. However, it can also be used in SBCs. To successfully integrate Android into SBCs, it is essential to meet the hardware requirements, obtain the appropriate drivers, and choose the right system images. With these elements in place, Android can be an excellent choice for many projects, especially those aimed at entertainment and interactivity.<iframe id="637775cdbfab6400084c89f5" width="250" class="specs-iframe" height="440" src="https://wevolver.com/iframe/specs/radxa-x-okdo-rock-4c?iframe=true" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> In SBCs, such as <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/rock-sbc/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_software" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK</a>, the Android has good performance because this SBC has an ARM processor architecture that supports this system. The advantages of opting for Android on SBC ROCK include a user-friendly interface, support for Android apps from the Google Play Store, and its suitability for entertainment and multimedia apps. Therefore, the developers can use various pre-built applications and libraries.&nbsp;An example of an application using the ROCK with the Android system is that it is possible to build a low-cost digital signage project, occupying a small space and still consuming little energy, being able to be powered from an electric socket or by battery. The ROCK 4 C+ can be used in this application, as it has an Arm Mali T860MP4 graphics processing unit (GPU) and has two micro HDMI ports with support for dual monitors with a resolution of up to 2Kp60 and 4Kp60. In addition, ROCK 4 C+ has high-quality stereo audio output and support for Android 7.1/Android 5.0/Android 10/Android 11.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzAxNzc3NjI3MTIxLWltYWdlMy5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">ROCK 4 Model C+. image credit:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_software" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>If you want to use Android on the ROCK series, OKdo has provided a step-by-step <a href="https://www.okdo.com/getting-started/getting-started-with-rock-5b-on-android/" target="_blank">guide</a> to help you get started. The ROCK 3A and the ROCK 4C+ are compatible with Android 11, while the ROCK 5B is already compatible with Android 12. The guide provides a step-by-step process to get you started quickly and easily.<h2 dir="ltr">Debian/Ubuntu Linux</h2>Debian and Ubuntu are general-purpose Linux operating systems widely compatible with various SBCs, such as the ROCK Series, and offer high flexibility. Linux systems have a community that provides extensive support, including forums, documentation, and repositories with a wide selection of software packages. Therefore, developers can find answers to technical challenges and receive continuous support.Debian/Ubuntu Linux are attractive application options, from servers and software development to machine learning projects. They offer access to various packages and development tools, making them a solid choice for diverse projects.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzAxNzc3NjUzODQ5LWltYWdlMi5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">ROCK 5 Model A. Image credit: OKdoThe ROCK 5A is a single-board computer fully supporting the Arm architecture v8 instructions for Debian/Ubuntu Linux. It is compatible with 64-bit Linux distributions and comes with official support for Debian and Ubuntu servers and third-party images like Armbian. The latest version of the ROCK 5A runs on kernel 5.10.&nbsp;Suppose you're looking to get started with the ROCK 5A. In that case, OKdo provides a <a href="https://www.okdo.com/getting-started/get-started-with-rock-5a-sbc-on-debian/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_software" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">guide</a> showing you how to install Debian Bullseye on an SD card, allowing you to run a highly functional and sophisticated KDE desktop environment for general SBC use. Once your system is up and running, you can choose from thousands of free, open-source applications to add to your system.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzAxNzc3Njc5MjI5LWltYWdlMS5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Official software images for ROCK SBCs. Image credit: OKdo<h1 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Maximizing OS Versatility for Varied Applications</h1>The software flexibility of ROCK SBCs extends to a wide range of applications, offering versatility in projects. IoT and AI applications are among the main applications for these SBCs, where ROCK offers high processing power at low cost.<h2 dir="ltr">IoT applications</h2>ROCK offers a hardware architecture containing the technical requirements for IoT applications, such as high-performance and robust hardware, different connectivity options, and ample storage capacity. These SBCs come equipped with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules, guaranteeing wireless connectivity for IoT devices. Furthermore, GPIO headers and support for I2C and SPI interfaces enable the connection of various sensors and actuators.Thanks to their hardware requirements and software compatibility, IoT applications such as smart homes and industrial automation can be realized using ROCK SBCs. This is possible at a low cost and low power consumption while still achieving high performance despite the SBC's small form factor.<h2 dir="ltr">AI applications</h2>In the context of AI, a technical aspect present in the ROCK 5A that allows for advanced AI applications is the neural processing unit (NPU) present in this SBC. The NPU is a dedicated hardware component designed to accelerate AI-related calculations. The RKNPU2 NPU software stack in the ROCK 5A enables efficient AI inference tasks, supporting high performance and compatibility with AI frameworks such as TensorFlow and Caffe.In contrast, while the ROCK 5A takes advantage of an NPU for AI acceleration, other SBCs, such as the ROCK 4 SE and ROCK 4 C+, have GPU-enabled AI stacks. These GPUs, while less specialized than NPUs, still offer significant processing power for AI workloads. This diversity in AI hardware accelerators allows developers to choose an SBC that aligns with the specific requirements of their project. For example, GPU-enabled AI stacks can be suitable for more general-purpose AI tasks, providing flexibility in the choice of hardware.Integrating AI hardware acceleration into SBCs like the ROCK 5A ensures that AI operations run smoothly and efficiently. This is particularly important for edge computing applications, where real-time or near real-time processing is required. The efficiency achieved through specialized NPUs or GPUs translates into lower power consumption, making these SBCs options for battery-powered AI projects or those with limited resources.AI capabilities, be it through NPUs or GPUs, in SBCs such as the ROCK 5A, ROCK 4 SE, and ROCK 4 C+ allow its use in different applications involving, for example, image recognition, voice processing, and machine learning. Image recognition, for example, can be used in security systems, robotics, and even automated quality control in manufacturing. Voice processing is used for voice assistants and human-machine interaction. Machine learning in SBCs can be used, for example, in data analysis and predictive maintenance. As a result, the versatility of these SBCs in supporting these applications makes them a choice for AI enthusiasts and developers.Therefore, the use of NPU and hardware acceleration in ROCK SBCs increases the capabilities of these compact computing platforms, making it possible to harness the power of artificial intelligence in applications that benefit from efficiency, compactness, and versatility. Furthermore, these SBCs bring low cost and power consumption to applications while maintaining high performance.<h1 dir="ltr">Security, Stability, and Software Patches in ROCK SBCs</h1>Maintaining a secure and reliable computing environment is crucial for system performance and data security, and keeping your software current is essential. Regular software updates and security patches are necessary to ensure that SBCs run optimally. ROCK SBCs attend this and frequently release updates to address vulnerabilities and improve security. These updates are designed to strengthen the system against known threats, providing better protection for data and applications.Additionally, ROCK SBCs are designed to provide users with stability and reliability in hardware and software. Their software ecosystem is carefully selected to ensure compatibility and stability. Whether using a Linux distribution like Ubuntu or Debian or a specialized system like Armbian, you can rely on a consistent software environment that minimizes compatibility issues and maximizes performance. For example, stability is crucial in applications such as industrial automation or critical data processing, and downtime is unfeasible.As well as security and stability, software updates also contribute to performance improvements. Software developers work on optimizing the code and introducing new features, and regular software updates ensure the SBC runs efficiently. Newer kernels, drivers, and libraries are integrated into the software stack, improving compatibility and allowing the ROCK SBC to use the latest hardware advances. Therefore, as the hardware evolves, the software must keep pace.<h1 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h1>The software landscape of <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/rock-sbc/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_software" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK SBCs&nbsp;</a>is not only diverse but also technically solid. Developers have the flexibility to choose the OS that best suits their project's technical requirements, and they can harness the full potential of IoT and AI capabilities for innovative applications. With ongoing software support focusing on stability and security, ROCK SBCs provide a robust foundation for projects in the constantly evolving world of technology.<h1 dir="ltr">References</h1><ol><li dir="ltr">OKdo. “<a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/rock-sbc/" target="_blank">ROCK Single Board Computers</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Teresa Reidt, 2023. “<a href="https://emteria.com/blog/radxa-rock-4se-vs-raspberry-pi-4b" target="_blank">Radxa ROCK 4SE: Compared with Raspberry Pi 4B and other ROCK 4 models</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Electronics Media, 2023. “<a href="https://www.electronicsmedia.info/2023/02/06/rock-5a-single-board-computer/" target="_blank">OKdo &amp; RS Launced Next-Generation ROCK 5A Single Board Computer</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Teresa Reidt, 2022. “<a href="https://emteria.com/blog/rockpi-4b" target="_blank">ROCK Pi Android: Run Android on ROCK Pi 4</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Utmel Electronic, 2021. “<a href="https://www.utmel.com/blog/categories/integrated%20circuit/neural-processing-unit-npu-explained" target="_blank">Neural Processing Unit (NPU) Explained</a>”</li></ol>

Learn how SBCs take advantage of the different operating systems and ensure stability and robustness in different applications


Navigating the Software Landscape of Cutting Edge SBCs

Precision agriculture uses technology and automation to optimize crop production, reduce waste, and promote sustainability. It enables farms to make informed decisions based on real-time data and historical trends, maximizing crop quality while minimizing resource usage and environmental impact. As technological advances, the precision agriculture scope expands. The integration of SBCs enables the management of various sensors and devices critical to precision farming, but also makes it possible to handle data processing for smart agriculture and farming automation.This article explores how SBCs can be used to improve precision agriculture applications, integrating automation and autonomous operational processes.<h2 dir="ltr">Benefits and Challenges of SBCs in Precision Agriculture</h2>Due to their flexibility and processing capabilities, SBCs can provide several aspects of precision agriculture applications:<ul><li dir="ltr">Increased Efficiency: SBCs optimize environmental conditions, enabling the integration of IoT applications and AI for efficient farming.</li><li dir="ltr">Control and Automation: SBCs can manage various aspects of indoor farming systems, from climate control to nutrient management.</li><li dir="ltr">Cost-effectiveness: SBCs are cost-effective, with compact sizes and low power consumption making them increasingly popular for battery-based applications.</li></ul>However, depending on the the location and application, concerns may rise related to communication and data security:<ul><li dir="ltr">Real-time Challenges: Real-time farming relies on reliable networks and low latency, which can be challenging to achieve in remote rural areas [3].</li><li dir="ltr">Security Concerns: Protecting agricultural data and automated systems from cyber threats is a growing concern, especially as the industry becomes more connected.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">SBCs in Action</h2><h3 dir="ltr">Data collection</h3>Data play a central role in decision-making in precision agriculture. Sensors are placed strategically in fields and on equipment to monitor parameters such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and nutrient levels. The table below lists sensors that can be used in precision agriculture applications.<div dir="ltr" align="left" id="isPasted"><table><tbody><tr><td><h2>Purpose</h2></td><td><h2>Application</h2></td><td><h2>Sensors examples</h2></td><td><h2>Sensor type</h2></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">Management of Crop</td><td>Growth</td><td>Parrot Sequoia</td><td>Multispectral</td></tr><tr><td>Pest detection</td><td>FLIR Blackfly23S6C</td><td>Cameras</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3">Substrate monitoring</td><td rowspan="2">Moisture and temperature of soil&nbsp;</td><td>DS18B20</td><td>Digital temperature&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>VH400</td><td>Soil moisture&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Chemical elements such as nitrate, nitrogen</td><td>SEN0244</td><td>Total dissolved solids (TDS)&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="13">Environment monitoring</td><td rowspan="2">Humidity and temperature of air</td><td>DHT11</td><td>Temperature and humidity</td></tr><tr><td>DHT22</td><td>Temperature and humidity</td></tr><tr><td>Solar radiation</td><td>SQ-110</td><td>Solar radiation</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">CO2&nbsp;concentration</td><td>MG-811</td><td>CO2&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>MQ135</td><td>Measures the level of NH3, NOx, alcohol, Benzene, smoke, and CO2 in air.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3">Rain</td><td>YF-S402</td><td>Water flow</td></tr><tr><td>YL-83</td><td>Water detector</td></tr><tr><td>SE-WS700D</td><td>Weeding control</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">Wind speed and direction</td><td>WS-3000</td><td>Ambient weather</td></tr><tr><td>SEN08942</td><td>Wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall</td></tr><tr><td>Atmospheric pressure</td><td>MPL3115A2</td><td>Piezoresistive absolute pressure</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">Luminosity</td><td>BH1750</td><td>&nbsp;Digital Light sensor</td></tr><tr><td>TSL2561</td><td>Digital Luminosity, Lux, Light</td></tr></tbody></table></div>Table 1: Sensors and their application in farming.However, acquiring the data is only part of the process. SBCs act as the central control unit for these sensors, enabling real-time data collection and analysis. Thus, there is the possibility of processing the data locally or performing the transmission to a cloud-based platform. As new SBCs provide more processing power and are ready to execute machine learning, farmers rely less on high-speed data transmission to analyze data in real-time by cloud solutions. As a result, farmers can quickly respond to changing crop conditions, making precise adjustments to farming processes, such as irrigation.<h3 dir="ltr">Agricultural systems automation</h3>SBCs can also play a crucial role in automating processes in precision agriculture. By enabling autonomous vehicles and robots, SBCs allow farmers to equip them with sensors and cameras that collect data on crop growth and environmental conditions. For instance, autonomous tractors can be used to plant and harvest crops. At the same time, drones can monitor crop health, detect pests and diseases, and even spray pesticides on the affected areas. In addition, SBCs can also automate irrigation systems, fertilizer application, and other aspects of crop management, reducing the manual labor need and improving efficiency [3,4,5].These automation applications are economically viable for medium and large farms, and even small farms can benefit from automation. Thanks to the computing power of SBCs, a single SBC can execute several tasks, making it possible for small farmers to take advantage of automation benefits. Automating fertilizer and irrigation management reduces costs and errors, resulting in timely actions and minimal crop losses, for example.<h3 dir="ltr">Agricultural data analysis</h3>SBCs run on operating systems like Linux, providing access to a vast library of advanced open-source software. They can handle substantial volumes of data from multiple sensors in real time, supporting precision agriculture decision process. The data can be analyzed locally using big data analytics and machine learning algorithms, running the software analysis using the SBC's processing power. For example, machine learning algorithms can be used to analyze soil data and recommend the optimal amount of fertilizer to apply to each crop, or to predict the likelihood of a pest outbreak based on weather patterns and other environmental factors. As a result, advanced data analysis applications can run locally, providing farmers with insights.<h2 dir="ltr">Use case: SBCs for Irrigation</h2>Water is a crucial component of agriculture and is normally the first aspect approached by agriculture precision. In this section, you will find a case study using SBCs in an irrigation system.<h3 dir="ltr">Setting up IoT sensors</h3>First, it is necessary to set up the sensors and to cover broad crop field areas, it is required to use IoT devices with wireless transmission. One option is to use sensors like the DHT11 for temperature and humidity and FC-28 for soil moisture. They can be connected to ESP8266 boards to transfer the acquired data, which use Wi-Fi and MQTT to transfer the data.<h3 dir="ltr">Using SBCs for data management and automation</h3>Besides acquiring the data, it is necessary to have a server to receive and process it. SBC models like the ROCK 4 SE serve as data hubs. These SBC models are robust and versatile, featuring a high-performance Hexa-core Rockchip RK3399-T processor and 4GB 64bit LPDDR4 RAM. Furthermore, it is equipped with a Dual Arm Cortex-A72 CPU, Quad-core Cortex A53, and Arm Mali T860MP4 GPU. In addition, you can also create user-friendly interfaces for real-time monitoring using tools like <a href="https://nodered.org/" target="_blank">NodeRed</a> and <a href="https://www.influxdata.com/" target="_blank">InfluxDB</a>.The system can go beyond data collection and monitoring. The ROCK 4 SE's processing capabilities can automate irrigation based on the received data. For instance, if some regions of the field show soil moisture levels below a specified threshold, the system can trigger the irrigation pumps only for those zones if this possibility exists. As a result, energy and water usage would be optimized.<h3 dir="ltr">Future enhancements</h3>To further increase the project capabilities, you could integrate it into the cloud and add machine learning algorithms. The cloud integration would facilitate the system management access from anywhere. While the machine learning algorithms could improve the water and energy used based on the historical data.&nbsp;<iframe id="639e88944155b50008d4cdf8" width="250" class="specs-iframe" height="440" src="https://wevolver.com/iframe/specs/okdo-x-radxa-rock-5-model-b?iframe=true" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><h2 dir="ltr">Future Outlook in SBC-Powered Precision Agriculture</h2>The future of precision agriculture supported by SBCs is promising, with many innovations on the horizon. As SBCs increase the capability of handling artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms, more advanced and complex data analysis can be made, providing farmers with increasingly precise insights into crop management. Regarding robotics and automation, new machines are expected to replace work in repetitive farming tasks, and drones equipped with SBCs are expected to provide more accurate crop monitoring, improving pest detection and disease prevention.&nbsp;Besides the conventional crop farms, SBCs can increase process automation and optimization of vertical farming, helpint it to gain more traction, controlling indoor luminosity, for example. Moreover, combining new IoT and sensor devices with SBC management can improve livestock farming, optimizing feed consumption and reducing disease incidence by closely monitoring each animal and requiring treatment as soon as an anomaly is detected.<h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2>SBCs are essential supporting devices of modern precision agriculture. Their ability to process and analyze data in real-time and their role in automation make them indispensable tools for farmers striving for sustainable and efficient crop production. As the agricultural sector evolves, SBCs will gain traction, boosting new precision farming applications.<h2 dir="ltr">The ROCK series powering precision Agriculture</h2><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="8f00c95e-d481-406f-9796-e1d2ff18e0a9">OKdo's smart agriculture solutions are at the forefront of modernizing farming practices using IoT technology. A key component of their smart farming technology is the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/smart-agriculture/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_precision_agriculture" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 Model C+ 4GB SBC</a>. This powerful <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_precision_agriculture" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">single board computer&nbsp;</a>is equipped with a Rockchip RK3399T SoC, making it ideal for smart agriculture applications. It features 4GB 64bit RAM, an eMMC socket, integrated fan control, and dual microHDMI ports supporting up to 4Kp60 resolution. Additionally, it includes Bluetooth 5.0, Gigabit Ethernet, and wireless LAN capabilities. This hardware is specifically designed to support the demands of smart agriculture, providing the processing power and connectivity required for efficient and sustainable farming operations.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_precision_agriculture" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Learn more here.</a></div><h2 dir="ltr">References</h2>[1] McFadden, Jonathan, Eric Njuki, and Terry Griffin. "Precision Agriculture in the Digital Era: Recent Adoption on US Farms." (2023).[2] Tycoonstory. “<a href="https://www.tycoonstory.com/iot-in-precision-agriculture-advancements-and-benefits-for-modern-farming/" target="_blank">What is IoT Precision Agriculture and How is it Different from Traditional Agriculture?</a>“[3] AgriTech Tomorrow “5 Challenges For Precision Agriculture To Face”. 2020[4] Abu, N. S., et al. "Internet of things applications in precision agriculture: A review." Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC) 3.3 (2022): 338-347.[5] Raj, E.F.I., Appadurai, M., Athiappan, K. (2021). Precision Farming in Modern Agriculture. In: Choudhury, A., Biswas, A., Singh, T.P., Ghosh, S.K. (eds) Smart Agriculture Automation Using Advanced Technologies. Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks. Springer, Singapore.&nbsp;[6] Mathe, Sudha Ellison, et al. "A survey of agriculture applications utilizing raspberry pi." 2022 International Conference on Innovative Trends in Information Technology (ICITIIT). IEEE, 2022.[7] Gsangaya, K. R., et al. "Portable, wireless, and effective internet of things-based sensors for precision agriculture." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 17 (2020): 3901-3916.[8] &nbsp;Sebastian. “<a href="https://admantium.medium.com/iot-sensor-project-esp8266-with-dht11-sensor-sends-data-to-mqtt-a0e7e101f095" target="_blank">IOT Sensor Project: ESP8266 with DHT11 Sensor sends Data to MQTT</a>”.[9] Jia, Weibing, and Zhengying Wei. "Raspberry Pi-Embedded Intelligent Control System for Irrigation and Fertilization Based on deep learning." Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Vol. 2504. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2023.[10] askSensors. “<a href="https://www.instructables.com/How-to-Connect-Soil-Moisture-Sensor-and-ESP8266-to/" target="_blank">How to Connect Soil Moisture Sensor and ESP8266 to the AskSensors IoT Cloud</a>”.

How Single Board Computers (SBCs) have automated and reduced costs in modern agriculture

Precision Agriculture with Single Board Computers

Render of the Mijolnia product. Image: Mijolnia

In response to the OKDo Engineering Challenge provocation, the CEO of Mijolnia, Promise Okwuchukwu, submitted a proposal to use the ROCK SBC in their Mijolnia Prime 1, a rechargeable battery system designed to store solar charge and provide energy to households and businesses.  

OKdo ROCK Challenge: Interview with Promise Okwuchukwu. Bringing energy storage to Africa

Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, play a crucial role in the global energy transition towards a more sustainable and ecological energy scenario. As the demand for renewable energy grows, so does the need for technologies that can improve the management of these resources and the transformation efficiency. One critical aspect of ensuring the viability of renewable energy projects is applying effective risk management solutions to manage generating equipment, avoiding unwanted interruptions, and optimizing system operation. In this context, single board computers (SBCs) are emerging as compact and versatile computing devices that offer technical advantages in the renewable energy sector, supporting the operation and management of renewable energies.This article explores how SBCs can be used in renewable energy applications, integrating system monitoring and control.<h1 dir="ltr">SBCs in Renewable Energy</h1>SBCs, with their compact size and powerful hardware, offer features that make them attractive for renewable energy applications, where real-time data analysis, monitoring, and control are essential. SBCs differ from conventional computing solutions in providing flexibility, such as being installed where space may be limited presenting different connectivity options with sensors and devices. They are compatible with various operating systems, making them highly customizable and adaptable in the applications. Moreover, the SBCs offer low application costs.<h2 dir="ltr">System monitoring</h2>Continuous monitoring of the performance of renewable energy installations, such as solar farms or wind turbines, is essential to monitor energy generation and ensure the effective use of the system. For this purpose, SBCs communicating with various sensors can be strategically placed throughout these installations to collect data about multiple parameters, including electricity production, equipment temperatures, and weather conditions. This allows grid operators to assess the system's functioning in real-time and promptly identify potential problems.<h2 dir="ltr">Grid balance</h2>The integration of renewable energy into the electric grid introduces fluctuations due to the intermittent nature of these energy sources. SBCs can contribute to grid stability by optimizing the distribution of renewable energy through the data collected and running algorithms for this purpose. These devices can analyze energy supply and demand in real-time, allowing automatic adjustments to energy production from renewable sources or the activation of energy storage systems. The usage of dynamic grid management ensures a reliable energy supply, balance generation and consumption in real-time.<h2 dir="ltr">Predictive maintenance</h2>Conventional systems typically use periodic maintenance programs, which may sometimes be less efficient and potentially costly. In contrast, when integrated with SBCs, equipment can undergo continuous monitoring and have its data analyzed for any potential anomalies. Using machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence, SBCs can accurately predict when maintenance is required. This proactive approach helps reduce downtime, significantly cut maintenance costs, and extend the operational lifetime of renewable energy assets.<h1 dir="ltr">Benefits and Challenges of SBCs in Energy Generation</h1>Due to their flexibility and powerful processing capabilities, SBCs can improve various aspects of renewable energy generation:<ul><li dir="ltr">Energy reliability:&nbsp;SBCs can provide real-time insights into performance and potential equipment issues, contributing to the overall reliability.</li><li dir="ltr">Rapid interventions:&nbsp;Through data analysis and instant alerts, SBCs enable rapid responses to critical events or damage, minimizing energy loss and the impact on profits. For example, overheating of equipment or anomalies in the operation of photovoltaic or wind power generation.</li><li dir="ltr">Cost-effective:&nbsp;The predictive maintenance and optimized network balancing that can be done using SBCs reduce operating and maintenance costs. Furthermore, SBCs have compact sizes and low power consumption.</li></ul>However, there are some challenges in implementing it in renewable energy resources:<ul><li dir="ltr">Initial investment:&nbsp;Implementing SBC-based systems can require significant initial investments in software and integration with existing renewable energy infrastructure.</li><li dir="ltr">Technical expertise:&nbsp;Integrating sensors, data analysis software, and control systems is complex and can present technical challenges, requiring expertise in renewable energy and computing.</li><li dir="ltr">Cybersecurity:&nbsp;As renewable energy systems become more connected, they are susceptible to cyber-attacks, and ensuring the security of SBC-based systems is vital.</li></ul><h1 dir="ltr">Case Study: SBCs for Photovoltaic Generation</h1>SBCs can be utilized in photovoltaic systems to monitor and control energy production. They can collect data from solar panels and control their operation. An SBC, such as ROCK 5B, can receive and process data to help optimize photovoltaic system efficiency and generation. ROCK 5B, developed by <a href="https://www.okdo.com/" target="_blank">OKdo</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://radxa.com/" target="_blank">Radxa</a>, is a state-of-the-art device powered by the Rockchip RK3588 SoC, Arm DynamIQ Quad Cortex-A76 @ 2.2/2.4 GHz. It features a safe shutdown on/off button and is compatible with various operating systems, including Linux and Android, for enhanced application flexibility. The ROCK 5B has extensive storage capacity, with both 8 and 16 GB of RAM options as well as a high-speed eMMC socket for eMMC modules - ideal for storing operating systems and data. Additionally, it has high compatibility with SBC accessories via the 40-pin GPIO expansion connector.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk5MjY5NDg5NDE1LWltYWdlMi5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">ROCK 5B. Image credit: OKdo.Photovoltaic systems use current and voltage sensors to monitor energy generation. Some of the popular sensors available in the market include the ACS712 for measuring electric current and the INA219 for measuring the voltage of the panel array. Real-time monitoring of photovoltaic performance is possible with these sensors, which provide valuable information for control and preventive maintenance. Temperature sensors such as PT100 and solar radiation sensors like LI-200R can be used to monitor the operating conditions of solar panels and optimize system efficiency. For example, photovoltaic generation is directly related to the solar irradiation incident on the solar panels, making irradiation an excellent metric for monitoring energy generation. The relationship between the two on a clear day is illustrated in the figure below.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk5MjY5NTE1NTk1LWltYWdlMS5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Example of photovoltaic generation vs solar irradiation. Image credit: [9]Additionally, a web server like Apache can remotely monitor the solar energy system. The data collected and processed by the SBC can be easily accessible to interested parties, such as solar power plant operators and owners.<h2 dir="ltr">Other applications</h2>Wind turbine operators can utilize SBCs to monitor vibrations, temperature, and energy production continuously. With this information, the maintenance algorithms can provide valuable insights for predictive maintenance and reduce downtime.&nbsp;<iframe id="639e88944155b50008d4cdf8" width="250" class="specs-iframe" height="440" src="https://wevolver.com/iframe/specs/okdo-x-radxa-rock-5-model-b?iframe=true" frameborder="0" scrolling="false" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe>Another potential application of SBCs would be in smart grids, which can be employed to manage energy storage and distributed energy resources. By optimizing energy distribution and storage, this technology would enable demand response and efficient energy supply.<h1 dir="ltr">Future Perspectives on Using SBCs in Renewable Energy Systems</h1>As technology advances, the role of SBCs in the renewable energy sector is set for considerable expansion. With the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) becoming increasingly prevalent, SBCs can serve as a promising element in increasing the efficiency and safety of renewable energy systems. The technical characteristics of SBCs position them as a powerful device for ensuring the viability and sustainability of renewable energy solutions.<h1 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h1>SBCs contribute to harnessing the potential of renewable energy by enabling real-time monitoring, grid balancing, and predictive maintenance. These devices offer flexibility and economy, benefiting reliability, rapid response to problems, and cost savings. Although there are challenges, SBCs show great potential for the future as technology develops, supporting more efficient and sustainable renewable energy systems.<h1 dir="ltr">References</h1><ol><li dir="ltr">Philip Hirschhorn and Tom Brijs, 2021. “<a href="https://www.bcg.com/publications/2021/addressing-variable-renewable-energy-challenges" target="_blank">Rising to the Challenges of Integrating Solar and Wind at Scale</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">IRENA, 2015. “<a href="https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2015/IRENA_Baseload_to_Peak_2015.pdf" target="_blank" data-lf-fd-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true">From Baseload to Peak: renewables provide a reliable solution</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Kabeyi Moses Jeremiah Barasa and Olanrewaju Oludolapo Akanni, 2022. “<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2021.743114" target="_blank">Sustainable Energy Transition for Renewable and Low Carbon Grid Electricity Generation and Supply</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Johns Hopkins University, 2021. “<a href="https://energy.sais.jhu.edu/articles/the-future-of-sustainable-energy/" target="_blank">The Future of Sustainable Energy</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Hadi Ganjineh, 2021. “<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2021/11/30/how-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning-are-transforming-the-future-of-renewable-energy/?sh=7f961d5e541b" target="_blank">How Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Are Transforming The Future Of Renewable Energy</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Nicolas Sarmiento Sierra, 2023. “<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/enhancing-electrical-grid-management-with-emerging-sbc-technology" target="_blank">Enhancing Electrical Grid Management with emerging SBC technology</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">R H P Putra and D Wahyudin and T Sucita, 2018. “<a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012041" target="_blank">Designing Energy and Power Monitoring System on Solar Power Plant Using Raspberry Pi</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Hamzah Eteruddin and David Setiawan and Atmam, 2020. “<a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/469/1/012051" target="_blank">Web Based Raspberry Monitoring System Solar Energy Power Plant</a>”</li><li dir="ltr">Muhammad Qamar Raza, Mithulananthan Nadarajah and Chandima Ekanayake, 2016. “<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305321699_On_recent_advances_in_PV_output_power_forecast" target="_blank">On recent advances in PV output power forecast</a>”</li></ol>

How single board computers (SBCs) are shaping and helping to manage and mitigate risks in renewable energy


Impact of SBCs in Renewable Energy

They come with a pre-determined amount of RAM, plus the microprocessor, memory, input/output functions and other features. Although some SBCs do now have them, expansion slots are not usually provided for peripherals, as these additional functions are already contained on the board.You’ll find SBCs in homes, schools, computer clubs and laboratories, as they offer a cost-effective way to learn coding languages and other useful computing topics like robotics or 3D printing. They’re compact, highly reliable and efficient, so they’re also used in many industrial applications requiring a simple, low-cost yet rugged board. Some of the most important applications for SBCs include military applications, deep sea and space operations, security and surveillance, monitoring and controlling equipment and industrial automation.<h2>How Do SBCs Work?</h2>SBCs will typically consist of a motherboard, power system, microprocessor, RAM, graphics and sound chips. Built-in connectors are provided for peripherals like monitors, routers, modems, USB devices, keyboards, speakers and mice. You’ll usually store your data on a removable device such as an SD card. The SBC is connected to its applications via a backplane, which provides the physical connections for the data and power. In industry, SBCs are often used in rack systems, so you can rapidly and reliably integrate them into your application.You can choose an SBC based on its size, the type of sockets it has, minimum and maximum operating temperatures and many other factors. You can use SBCs for applications in challenging environmental conditions and stresses. You can get specialised compact designs that can power embedded applications in confined spaces. It’s a very simple infrastructure design that offers great dependability, so it’s frequently used as an embedded computer controller.Modern SBCs are getting more powerful and more accessible, so that an entire computer can now fit onto a very small PCB. With newer models, opportunities are increasing for expandability, with different expansion slots. As is typical, their price has dropped over time, while their capabilities have become greater.<h2>What Uses Do SBCs Serve?</h2>You’ll often find SBCs in business applications for security and surveillance. Although you could technically use an SBC to perform some office tasks, this isn’t normal usage, as they tend not to work with most mainstream office software suites. But they are used to great effect in industry, to run basic servers or to control programmable machinery at low cost. In industrial automation and manufacturing, they’re used as the preferred embedded controller in many major production processes.SBCs play a vital role in many control and monitoring functions, such as process control and control of robotic functions. They’re capable of carrying out most automation tasks and can be specialised for individual applications. In the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/benefits-of-industry-4" title="The Benefits of Industry 4.0" target="_blank">industrial IoT</a>, SBCs are also used for communication and data traffic between devices. You can acquire, process and analyse data with an SBC in order to improve production quality and efficiency. Also, since they’re self-contained, replacing them is relatively easy.A high-performance SBC can handle many industry tasks involving data analysis, complex calculations or real-time processing tasks. Some of these demand considerable computing power, including edge computing, auto optical inspection, image recognition, etc. Traditional PLCs can control equipment effectively, but often don’t have enough computing power to support data processing. SBCs can handle these tasks much more efficiently and provide quicker results. If you connect one to a PLC, you’ll add the computing power of the SBC to the standard control functions. This results in a complete automated system that’s capable of every function from control to computation, data acquisition and analysis.<h2>What SBCs Are There?</h2>You’ll find many types of SBC on the market these days, mostly of the type designed for backplane connections. They work with various operating architectures, and several manufacturers are producing them. Many different models are available in popular brands like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone and LattePanda.<h3>RASPBERRY PI</h3>Raspberry Pi is probably the best-known SBC manufacturer, and you’ll find them everywhere from labs and academic institutions to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/the-rise-of-the-raspberry-pi-in-industrial-settings" title="The Rise Of The Raspberry Pi In Industrial Settings" target="_blank">industrial applications</a>. They’re cheap and easy to use, and the constant evolution of new models keeps users up to date with technology. Raspberry Pi use is so widespread that most people know how to use them, or can learn quickly if they have any computing experience.<h3>ARDUINO</h3>Arduino SBCs are very similar to Raspberry Pi in their small size, low cost and expandability. This is a totally open-source production, both software and hardware, which helps to keep costs low. These are basic machines designed for learners, novelties and simple applications, so they’re not typically used for professional tasks. If you know your stuff, they can offer a cost-effective way to run machinery, but are likely to be incompatible with more mainstream systems.<h3>INTEL</h3>Intel’s high-performance SBCs make viable substitutes for desktop PCs and can be used professionally in an office or even for gaming. They come with quad-core GPUs and they’ll run on Windows or Linux. You get immediate full connectivity and professional cases, but these aren’t really for hobbyists. The high quality of these SBCs is reflected in the higher price.<h2>Critical Applications</h2>Single board computers are often smaller, lighter, more reliable and more power-efficient than comparable desktop computers, because they have fewer components, fewer connectors and very high levels of integration. Since they’re typically used in simple applications, a comparatively low-power device provides a viable means of saving money over the more costly desktop option.SBCs often come with preset I/O interfaces for particular applications such as networking, wireless communications or audio. That makes them less adaptable, but their simple unchangeable structure also means you’ll get significantly fewer problems that might cause downtime. For this reason, SBCs are the computer of choice for running critical “always on” systems, such as medical imaging systems, traffic light controllers, missile guidance systems, anti-lock braking and automotive stability control systems, as well as many others.

A Single Board Computer (SBC) defines itself by its name: it represents a complete functioning computer, where all its functions are built into just one printed circuit board (PCB). They’re small, inexpensive to purchase and run, and offer a wide range of different capabilities.

What Are Single Board Computers?

While Raspberry Pi 3 is an industry leader in Single Board Computers, unless you're one of the Raspberry Pi foundations’ existing industrial customers, it can be a significant challenge to acquire a 3B+ at the moment. Fortunately, global tech company <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock3_vs_rpi3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> offers two viable alternatives to the Raspberry Pi 3B+ in the form of the ROCK 3 Model A and ROCK 3 Model C boards, both of which adhere to the 3B+ specifications and offer enhanced capabilities. In this article, we will conduct a comparative analysis of these three models.<h2>Key specifications</h2>Here we examine the technical specifications of each board in this comprehensive side-by-side comparison.<div dir="ltr" align="left"><table><tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">ROCK 3 Model A</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">ROCK 3 Model C</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+</td></tr><tr><td>Availability</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Available</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">Available</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Sold Out</td></tr><tr><td>SoC</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Rockchip RK3568</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">Rockchip RK3566</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Broadcom BCM2837</td></tr><tr><td>Processor</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Quad‑core Arm® Cortex®‑A55 (ARMv8) 64‑bit @ 2.0GHz</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">Quad‑core Arm® Cortex®‑A55 (ARMv8) 64‑bit @ 1.6GHz</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Quad‑core Arm®, Cortex®-A53 (ARMv8) 64-bit @ 1.4GHz</td></tr><tr><td>Clock</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">2.0GHz</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">1.6GHz</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">1.4GHz</td></tr><tr><td>GPU</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Arm Mali™ G52-2EE</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">Arm Mali™ G52-2EE</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Broadcom Videocore-IV</td></tr><tr><td>Memory</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">2GB LRDDR4 SRAM</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">1GB / 2GB LRDDR4 SRAM</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">1GB LPDDR2 SDRAM</td></tr><tr><td>Power</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">USB Type-C™ PD / Qualcomm® Quick Charge™ / GPIO</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">USB Type-C™ / GPIO</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Micro-USB 5V/2.5A</td></tr><tr><td>HDMI</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">1x HDMI 4K@60fps</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">1x HDMI 1080p@60fps</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">1x HDMI 1080p@30fps</td></tr><tr><td>USB</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">2x USB2 HOST / 1x USB3 HOST / 1 x USB 3.0 OTG-HOST</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">2x USB2 HOST / 1x USB3 HOST / 1x USB2 OTG-HOST</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">4 USB 2.0 PORTS</td></tr><tr><td>Audio Ports</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">3.5mm jack – stereo output/mic input</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">3.5mm jack – stereo output/mic input</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">3.5mm jack – stereo output</td></tr><tr><td>Connectivity</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">M.2 E Key / Gigabit Ethernet</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">2.4GHz and 5GHz IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac Wireless LAN / Bluetooth 5.0 / Gigabit Ethernet</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">2.4GHz and 5GHz IEEE 802.11.b/g/n/ac Wireless LAN / Bluetooth 4.2 / Ethernet (300bps)</td></tr><tr><td>MIPI</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">1x 2 lane DSI / 1x 2 lane CSI</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">1x 2 lane DSI / 1x 2 lane CSI</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">MIPI DSI / MIPI CSI</td></tr><tr><td>Storage</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Micro SD / eMMC / M.2 M Key NVME / SATA</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">Micro SD / eMMC / M.2 M Key NVME / SATA</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Micro SD</td></tr><tr><td>UARTS</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">5x UART</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">5x UART</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">2x UART</td></tr><tr><td>RTC</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Yes</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">No</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">No</td></tr><tr><td>Power On/Of</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Yes</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">Yes</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">No</td></tr><tr><td>Software</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">Debian / Ubuntu / Android 11/ Armbian / etc</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">Debian / Ubuntu / Android 11/ Armbian / etc</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">Raspberry Pi OS / Ubuntu / LibreELEC / etc</td></tr><tr><td>Operation Temperature</td><td style="width: 23.1071%;">0~50 ℃</td><td style="width: 28.9817%;">0~50 ℃</td><td style="width: 29.8956%;">0~50 ℃</td></tr></tbody></table></div>Download the full comparison table <a href="https://www.okdo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/OKdo_SPS_LogoStripROCK3vsPi3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-lf-fd-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true">here</a>.<h2 dir="ltr"><iframe width="767" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tkIyzBvriS0?enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" title="ROCK 3 vs. Raspberry Pi 3: A Comparative Engineer’s Review | OKdo" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-gtm-yt-inspected-10="true" id="506105029">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</iframe></h2><h2 dir="ltr">ROCK 3 Model C</h2>The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-3-model-c-2gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3566-arm-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock3_vs_rpi3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 3 Model C</a> shares many similarities with the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. However, it distinguishes itself with several notable additional features that outperform the RPI 3B+. In this analysis, we primarily focus on these differentiating aspects. Both boards feature a 64-bit, quad-core Arm System-on-Chip (SoC). While the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ incorporates the Cortex A-53 mid-range processor, the ROCK 3C has the low-power Cortex A55 cores.&nbsp; When subjecting both boards to the same benchmark test, such as Sysbench to fully utilize all four cores for computation, the results are nearly identical. However, the ROCK 3C consumes nearly half the power and maintains lower operating temperatures, offering significant advantages for eco-conscious applications.<img alt="ROCK 3C sbc" src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM4MTMxLTE2OTYyNDMwMzgxMzEucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="499" height="499" class="fr-fic fr-dii">Thanks to its lower-power Cortext A55 cores, the Rock 3C uses nearly half the power compared to the Raspberry Pi 3B+. &nbsp;Image credit: Okdo<h3 dir="ltr">ROCK 3C – high-quality graphics processing</h3>For those seeking superior graphics processing capabilities, the ROCK 3C provides HDMI 1080p@60fps, in contrast to the 1080p@30fps of the RPI 3B+. This difference in video output quality is attributed to the ROCK 3C's Mali GPU, which offers broader support for graphics rendering APIs. Furthermore, the 2GB RAM configuration of the ROCK 3C enhances performance, surpassing the 1MB RAM limitation of the RPI 3B+.Both boards have the same Wireless LAN capabilities. The difference comes when using Bluetooth. The ROCK 3C complies with Bluetooth v5.0, which can give a significantly higher range, broadcast capability and throughput than the v4.2 supported by the RPI 3B+.<h3 dir="ltr">More connectivity and storage options&nbsp;</h3>In terms of wired connectivity, the ROCK 3C has true Gigabit Ethernet, while the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ is constrained to 300bps due to bandwidth sharing with the USB bus. Both boards support Power over Ethernet (PoE).A significant advancement with the ROCK 3C is its mitigation of the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+'s reliance on SD card media for storing the operating system and data. The 3C offers the option to utilize dedicated eMMC memory, delivering slightly improved performance and significantly enhanced reliability and security. The eMMC connector is located on the underside of the board, and modules are available in capacities ranging from 16GB to 128GB.While the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ accommodates USB to SSD as a storage solution, it is constrained by its 4 x USB 2.0 ports, which impact throughput and share bandwidth with Ethernet. In contrast, the ROCK 3C offers 1 x USB 3.0 and 3 x USB 2.0 ports, with one configured as OTG.&nbsp; <img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM2ODcyLTE2OTYyNDMwMzY4NzIucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="602" height="601" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;">With 1 x USB 3.0 and 3 x USB 2.0 ports, the ROCK 3C offers versatile connectivity options. Image credit: OKdo.For those seeking high-performance, large capacity data storage, the ROCK 3C has an M.2 M‑Key 2230 connector with single lane, PCIe 2.1 and SATA 3.0 combined interfaces. The M.2 slot can be configured either to support NVMe or SATA SSD devices, though an additional adapter board is required for SATA support.Additional features include a 2-pin fan header equipped with PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) capability, as well as an on/off push-button for safe system power management. The device also includes a microphone input integrated into the audio jack.Physically, the ROCK 3C shares the same dimensions and mounting hole geometry as the RPI 3B+, with the exception of the USB-C power connector, so it fits existing RPI 3B+ cases by widening the power connector aperture.<h2 dir="ltr">ROCK 3 Model A</h2>Now we will examine the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-3-model-a-2gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3568-arm-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock3_vs_rpi3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 3 Model A</a>. While it comes at a slightly higher price point compared to the ROCK 3 Model C and Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, it offers increased processing power.The board is based on the RK3568, a 64-bit quad-core Arm System-on-Chip SoC, with the same Cortex A55 low-power cores and Mali G52 as the ROCK 3C but with the addition of a 0.8TOPS (Tera Operations Per Second) NPU (Neural Processing Unit) tailored for AI workloads. In Sysbench-based compute load tests, marginal disparities were observed among all three boards. However, in the realm of graphics processing, the ROCK 3A surges ahead, delivering noticeably superior image rendering quality and speed via its HDMI 4K video output.<img alt="ROCK 3A sbc" src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM5NTAxLTE2OTYyNDMwMzk1MDEucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="499" height="499" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;">Despite its slightly higher price point, The ROCK 3A offers enhanced processing capabilities. Image credit: OKdo.<h3 dir="ltr">Wireless Capability Sets ROCK 3A Apart</h3>Among the primary distinctions between the ROCK 3A and the ROCK 3C lies in their wireless capabilities. The ROCK 3A features an M.2 E-key slot on the top side of the board, designed for a Wireless LAN module. This complements the M.2 M-key slot on the bottom side, intended for NVMe or SATA SSD drives, and an eMMC connector dedicated to OS and data storage.In addition to fixed voltage power supplies, the ROCK 3A can make use of USB Type‑C™ PD and Qualcomm® Quick Charge™ adapters, making it more flexible and efficient for powering ancillaries. The front edge of the board hosts Gigabit Ethernet, with two USB 3.0 connectors available. The top one is capable of switching between Host and OTG modes through a small slide switch located between the USB blocks on the underside of the board. Additionally, there are two USB 2.0 connectors. <img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM3MzA3LTE2OTYyNDMwMzczMDcucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="602" height="601" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;">The ROCK 3A features an external battery connector on the underside of the board for the RTC and streamlining designs. Image credit: OKdo.&nbsp;The board offers the convenience of an on/off switch, along with the inclusion of a 3-pin fan connector, enabling precise control and feedback for fan operation. An additional noteworthy feature is the presence of an external battery connector situated on the underside of the board, specifically intended for the RTC (Real-Time Clock). This reduces the Bill of Materials (BOM) and streamlines designs.&nbsp;The ROCK 3A has the same size, form factor and mounting holes as the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, the difference being the USB-C power connector, so RPI 3B+ cases may need to be modified accordingly.Presently, the ROCK 3A is readily available in a 2GB RAM configuration.&nbsp;<h2 dir="ltr">Operating Systems</h2>All of these boards provide a range of operating system options, including various versions of the Linux kernel. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ offers its 32-bit Debian Bullseye version, along with a 64-bit version.The ROCK 3A and ROCK 3C come with officially supported 64-bit Debian Bullseye, Ubuntu Server 22.04 (Jammy), and Android 11 images. Currently, both boards are running on kernel version 5.10, and users have the flexibility to deploy either stable (version 6.1) or the latest (version 6.4) mainline kernels on the ROCK 3A, depending on their specific needs.Additionally, users can explore a wide range of third-party OSs to suit their requirements across all three boards.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM4NjEyLTE2OTYyNDMwMzg2MTIucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="602" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 748px;">Side-by-side: The Raspberry Pi 3B+, the ROCK Model A, and the ROCK Model C all share the same dimensions, but offer different capabilities. Image Credit: OKdo.&nbsp;<h2 dir="ltr">Summary</h2>The Raspberry Pi 3B+ has been a popular choice for a powerful and cost-effective Single Board Computer (SBC) in embedded applications. However, newer options like the ROCK 3 Model A and ROCK 3 Model C boards which are available at a similar price point, offer comparable or superior performance and additional features, making them compelling alternatives to the 3B+.&nbsp;This article first appeared on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.okdo.com/blog/rock-3-vs-raspberry-pi-3-an-engineers-review/">OKdo.com</a> written by&nbsp;Peter Milne, engineer and Linux advocate.&nbsp;

A comparative analysis of the Raspberry Pi 3B+, the ROCK 3 Model A, and the  ROCK 3 Model C. 

ROCK 3 vs. Raspberry Pi 3: A Comparative Analysis

<h2 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Introduction</h2>Single-board computers (SBCs) are complete computers integrated into a single board. The global SBC market is experiencing significant growth, with a projected value of USD 3 billion by 2030, according to <a href="https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/single-board-computers-market" target="_blank">Allied Market Research</a>. It represents a compound annual growth rate of 12.5% from 2022 to 2030.Several factors are propelling the growth of the SBC market, including the development of wireless communication, advancements in product design, and the application of SBCs in multiple areas, such as medical equipment and automation. Additionally, the availability of SBCs and their normalized form elements contribute to the demand for innovative devices. Notably, SBCs offer expanded computing power, reduced power consumption, high adaptability, and improved efficiency, further fueling their adoption.Considering the increasing demand for compact yet powerful computing devices, the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-5-model-b-8gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3588-arm-cortex-a76-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 5B single-board computer</a> has emerged as an interesting new option. This article will delve into its distinct attributes and highlight how it can benefit many applications.<h2 dir="ltr">The ROCK 5B</h2>The ROCK 5B, a result of the collaboration between Radxa and <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>, is an innovative open-source hardware you can use for multiple applications. It is a versatile, expandable, and feature-packed device.&nbsp;<h3 dir="ltr">Performance and Processing Power</h3>The ROCK 5B device runs on the advanced Rockchip RK3588 SoC, which combines the power of a Quad Arm Cortex A76 CPU, a Quad Arm DynamIQ Cortex A55, and an Arm Mali G610MC4 GPU to boost performance. This assembly creates a highly efficient apparatus that can easily tackle even the most demanding tasks.<iframe id="639e88944155b50008d4cdf8" width="250" class="specs-iframe" height="420" src="https://wevolver.com/iframe/specs/okdo-x-radxa-rock-5-model-b?iframe=true" frameborder="0" scrolling="true" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe>In addition, the ROCK 5B is a powerful machine equipped with 4,8 or 16GB 64bit LPDDR4 RAM. It handles complex processes and multitasking effortlessly, enabling you to run intensive applications, stream high-definition media, and more without a hitch. The ROCK 5B is an excellent choice for all scenarios, especially when high processing power is required.&nbsp;<h3 dir="ltr">User Experience and Practicality</h3>Beyond its raw performance, the ROCK 5B is built with the end user in mind. It has a convenient On/Off power button that allows for safe shutdowns with just one touch. This feature helps prevent data corruption and improves the user experience.Moreover, the ROCK 5B is compatible with many operating systems, including Android 12 and Debian/Ubuntu Linux. The device's broad compatibility offers users numerous options, making it suitable for various applications. Examples of applications include home automation, computer replacement, media streaming, server hosting, smart drones, and robots, for example.&nbsp;<h2 dir="ltr">Unrivaled Display and Storage Capabilities</h2>One of the advantages of the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-5-model-b-8gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3588-arm-cortex-a76-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 5B</a> is its impressive display capabilities. Equipped with an Arm Mali G610MC4 GPU, the device is capable of supporting displays up to 8Kp60 resolution. This makes the ROCK 5B an excellent choice for advanced multimedia applications, including gaming, video streaming, and digital signage.When it comes to storage, the ROCK 5B is highly capable. It provides various storage options, including an eMMC socket for eMMC modules. Its 4,8 or 16GB RAM and fast eMMC socket make it an excellent choice for storing operating systems and data.<h2 dir="ltr">Robust Connectivity and Expansion Options</h2>For single-board computers, connectivity and expansion options are crucial. The ROCK 5B stands out with its plethora of interface options, thanks to its 40-pin GPIO expansion header. The board gets almost endless connectivity capabilities with UART, SPI bus, I2C bus, and more options.Additionally, the ROCK 5B features various USB and Ethernet ports, offering speed and flexibility in data transfer and networking. Including M.2 connectors supporting PCIe lanes, SATA, and SDIO, the ROCK 5B ensures you can connect and expand per your project requirements.<h3 dir="ltr">Solid Availability and Support</h3>The ROCK 5B combines multiple features, great performance, and singular availability and support. The collaborative efforts of <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> and Radxa ensure long-term stock availability of the ROCK 5B, making it a dependable choice for users.If you enjoy experimenting with single-board computers as a hobby or a professional needing a reliable project device, the ROCK 5B is a great option.&nbsp;<h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2>The ROCK 5B is a great example of the advancements in single-board computer technology. It's a compact device that offers power, versatility, and ease of use. With devices like the ROCK 5B, the future of high-performance computing is becoming more accessible and affordable to everyone. <a href="https://www.okdo.com/solutions/" target="_blank">Get in touch with OKdo</a> to build innovative solutions that meet your unique needs. Read more about the whole <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rock series</a> of SBCs and their potential applications <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/okdo" target="_blank">here.</a>&nbsp;

Discover the power of single-board computers for enhanced versatility and performance.


Emerging SBC showcase next generation capabilities

Single board computers (SBCs) are extensively utilized in embedded systems. SBCs have processor, storage, memory, input/output ports, and other features in their building in a single circuit. Companies use SBCs in commercial applications, such as industrial automation, robotics, or smart homes, and enthusiastic users also use SBCs to develop their projects. However, these robust and compact units are not without their challenges. From power and boot problems to network connectivity and software failures, SBCs present various issues, each requiring a different resolution strategy. This article offers a manual for troubleshooting the most common SBC problems, addressing hardware and software issues, and ensuring the ideal functionality of these essential computing devices.<h2 dir="ltr">Navigating Hardware Issues in SBCs</h2>The hardware issues that impede use and cause inconvenience to SBC users can be divided into three main categories: power anomalies, boot problems, and hardware connectivity problems.<h3 dir="ltr">Power anomalies</h3>Power-related problems in SBCs usually manifest as power failures, unexpected shutdowns, or erratic performance. These problems typically originate from the power supply or the board's power management components. It is imperative to validate the power supply's adherence to the voltage and current criteria specified by the manufacturer. In the case of battery-powered SBCs, it is crucial to check the battery's health, the state of charge, and secure connectivity.If the power supply proves satisfactory, it is advisable to inspect the board for indicators of physical damage. Specifically, a thorough examination of power regulation elements such as capacitors, resistors, and inductors is recommended, especially for signs of overheating, discoloration, or damage.<h3 dir="ltr">Boot problems</h3>Boot-related issues can stem from various sources, including corrupted boot files, defective storage components, or incompatible peripheral devices. The initial stage of troubleshooting involves validating the state of the boot media. Should the medium be a microSD card or eMMC, examining its functionality on an alternative device is prudent. Furthermore, assurance of the proper installation and integrity of boot files and the operating system is essential.Additionally, it recommends temporarily disconnecting all peripheral devices for booting purposes. If the initialization is successful, reconnect the peripherals individually to identify any compatibility issues with the SBC.<h3 dir="ltr">Hardware connectivity problems</h3>Troubles relating to hardware connectivity typically arise during the interaction of SBCs with peripheral devices. In such cases, the recommended course of action is to assess the physical connections. Examining the connectors for looseness or damage and verifying precise and secure wiring is essential for the connectivity in the SBC.Subsequently, an evaluation of the compatibility between the SBC and the peripheral device is required. This involves ensuring that voltage levels, communication protocols, and driver support are appropriately aligned and examining the necessary software configuration settings associated with the respective peripherals.<h2 dir="ltr">Solving/Addressing Software Problems in SBCs</h2>Problem-solving related to software used in SBCs basically covers the following points: software defects and anomalies, network connectivity, and sustaining ideal SBC performance.<h3 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Software defects and anomalies</h3>Software complications in SBCs are identifiable through system failures, decreased performance, or malfunctioning of specific resources. In troubleshooting, examining the system logs for error messages is advisable. System logs, integrated into most operating systems, provide information on the causes of problems, making it possible to identify the source and causes of problems in the software used in the SBC.Additionally, maintaining up-to-date system software, libraries, and dependencies is crucial. Software errors are often corrected in subsequent versions, thus highlighting the importance of continuous system updates. Therefore, keeping the operating system and drivers up to date is a key part of avoiding anomalies in the SBC software.<h3 dir="ltr">Network connectivity challenges</h3>Network connectivity problems on the SBC require an initial assessment of the physical network connection when the standard ethernet cable connection on the board applies. In the case of wireless connections, it is necessary to check the strength of the Wi-Fi signal and the correct configuration of the network settings on the device.When dealing with network connection software, it's helpful to use diagnostic tools to assess the interface status. It's important to ensure the driver is installed correctly and there are no firewall restrictions on essential ports for a smooth connection.<h3 dir="ltr">Sustaining ideal SBC performance</h3>Routine maintenance is essential to avoid common problems with SBCs. This includes cleaning the device to prevent dust accumulation, a precursor to overheating, and facilitating proper ventilation, allowing the device to operate without crashing or unwanted shutdowns. Furthermore, regular software updates, adherence to appropriate shutdown protocols, and the establishment of data backups contribute substantially to the sustained health of an SBC. Therefore, by applying these practices, it is possible to obtain maximum performance from the device and avoid future problems in its operation.<h3 dir="ltr">Leveraging the ROCK Series for Effective SBC Troubleshooting</h3>The ROCK series of high-performance SBCs, developed by <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=troubleshooting_sbcs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://radxa.com/" target="_blank">Radxa</a>, which uses a powerful Rockchip processor, bring technological advances to these devices. They can be used in <a href="https://www.okdo.com/industrial/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=troubleshooting_sbcs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">applications</a> such as industrial automation, smart homes, precision agriculture, advertising campaigns, and by technology enthusiasts as personal computers.A notable feature of the ROCK series is its careful power management design. Equipped with advanced voltage regulation components, such as precision capacitors and efficient inductors, these SBCs effectively minimize potential power-related issues. This is especially important for identifying and resolving problems arising from power irregularities, such as irregular behavior and unexpected shutdowns. The fine-tuned control and real-time monitoring of the ROCK series allows engineers to quickly resolve power problems, reducing downtime and ensuring uninterrupted operation.Additionally, the ROCK series offers versatile and robust connectivity options, including USB, Ethernet, HDMI, and GPIO interfaces, enabling smooth interactions with various peripheral devices. This flexibility greatly aids in diagnosing hardware connectivity issues, a common troubleshooting area. By systematically connecting and disconnecting peripherals, engineers can identify concerns, compatibility gaps, and faulty connections using the ROCK series. Furthermore, the robustness of the connections offers better electrical contact between the conductors and better mechanical fixation between the devices.The <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=troubleshooting_sbcs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK series</a> architecture is well structured to support different operating systems, such as Ubuntu, Debian, and Android, and software stacks, making it easy to isolate bugs and software faults systematically. With debugging tools and comprehensive system logs, engineers gain valuable insight into the causes of system crashes, poor performance, and other software-related anomalies. This level of detail allows engineers to make informed decisions, apply patches promptly, and maintain software integrity.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk1ODA3MzI0MzE2LWltYWdlNC5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">ROCK 5 Model A. Image credit: OKdo.An example of this robustness and versatility in facilitating troubleshooting is the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-5-model-a-16gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3588s-arm-cortex-a76-cortex-a55/" target="_blank">OKdo ROCK 5 Model A</a>. The ROCK 5 supports various power supply technologies, such as USB Type‑C™ PD and Qualcomm® Quick Charge™, including intelligent power adapters and fixed voltage. It is recommended to use a power supply that can deliver at least 24W without an M.2&nbsp;NVME&nbsp;SSD or 30W with an M.2&nbsp;NVME&nbsp;SSD when powering this SBC to avoid power issues.ROCK 5 Model A operates using Arm big.LITTLE technology can automatically select which processor core to use for a given task. Consequently, this results in minimal heat generation and a responsive user experience, avoiding overheating problems due to excessive tasks. The SBC ROCK 5 has an SoC RK3588S specified to limit its maximum internal temperature to 80°C before reducing clock speeds to maintain reliability within the permitted temperature range. Therefore, if the SBC is used continuously in high-performance applications, external cooling methods such as a heatsink and fan may be required.Another feature of the ROCK 5 A that helps reduce the problems of SBCs is the eMMC socket. The high-speed eMMC socket benefits this SBC by using the operational system and data storage on eMMC modules, which are more robust than microSD cards. Furthermore, this SBC has a power on/off button that allows quick, easy, and safe shutdowns without the risk of corrupting storage.<h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2>The interaction between hardware and software and understanding energy and connectivity form the basis for effective diagnostic troubleshooting in SBCs. The collaboration between OKdo and Radxa has resulted in the ROCK series, which presents features to simplify diagnostics and prevent problems. Therefore, understanding the SBC and how to do troubleshooting helps with uninterrupted operations and the successful realization of innovative projects.<h2 dir="ltr">References</h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.makeuseof.com/choosing-sbc-single-board-computer-key-factors/" target="_blank">https://www.makeuseof.com/choosing-sbc-single-board-computer-key-factors/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://creatorswarehouse.com.au/single-board-computers-introduction/" target="_blank">https://creatorswarehouse.com.au/single-board-computers-introduction/</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://ameridroid.com/blogs/ameriblogs/basic-problems-with-sbcs-and-how-to-trouble-shoot-them" target="_blank">https://ameridroid.com/blogs/ameriblogs/basic-problems-with-sbcs-and-how-to-trouble-shoot-them</a></li><li dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.okdo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/radxa_rock5a_product_brief_Revision_1.1.pdf" target="_blank" data-lf-fd-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true">https://www.okdo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/radxa_rock5a_product_brief_Revision_1.1.pdf</a></li></ol>

An examination of troubleshooting techniques for single board computer issues.


Diagnostic Strategies for Troubleshooting in SBCs

An investigation into innovative applications of SBCs


SBCs for Modern Engineering

<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/the-rock-engineering-challenge" target="_blank">The ROCK Engineering Challenge</a> invited engineers, entrepreneurs, inventors, and developers to submit an idea for a part, product, or system that took advantage of the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/rock-sbc/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_community_winner_interview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK single-board computers</a>.&nbsp;We received a significant number of submissions from across the globe, impressed with cutting-edge applications of single-board computers.&nbsp;The Wevolver Community Vote winner was <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/the-rock-engineering-challenge-finalists-and-community-vote" target="_blank">selected by our community through a public poll</a>. The Wevolver community winners of the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_community_winner_interview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo </a>challenge are Marcel Ochsendorf and Sebastian Kindorf, who are developing a thermal imaging medical device.&nbsp;This product is designed to aid medical facilities by using a thermal imaging camera to non-invasively record a patient's status. The system can determine breathing status, frequency, body temperature, and movements like falls, alerting medical staff when necessary.Wevolver’s Content Director, Jessica Miley, interviewed Marcel and Sebastian to learn more about their engineering careers, what motivated them to enter the challenge, and the plans for their ideas. Jessica Miley: Hi team. Thanks for speaking with us. Let’s start by getting you guys to introduce yourselves. Marcel Ochsendorf: My name is Marcel. I am currently a Master's student in my final semester. I have a Computer Science Bachelor and am now doing electrical engineering in my Master's. I love doing engineering projects, and I have attended several hackathons and so on in the past.Sebastian Kindorf: I'm Sebastian. After I completed an apprenticeship as an electrician, I decided to continue with a Bachelor's degree, also in electrical engineering, and then graduated with my Master’s degree in April. Afterwards I worked for two months in Morocco on an automation project for sustainable irrigation.Jessica Miley: How did you two meet and start working on this project together?Sebastian Kindorf: We met when we were both working at <a href="https://home.cern/" target="_blank">CERN</a>- the International Research Center in Switzerland. We actually met accidentally, and after we talked a little bit, we realized we were on the same wavelength. He [Marcel] makes a lot of electronic projects and so do I. After a few weeks, I said, “Okay, I think we should start a project together.” We had a few ideas, then I saw Wevolver had this engineering challenge and we decided to enter. So we went to a restaurant, drank two beers and did some brainstorming!Marcel Ochsendorf: This project was born out of an experience that I had doing some work as an IT engineer in a hospital a few years ago. This hospital had problems with monitoring patients because it is really <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/collaborative-machine-learning-that-preserves-privacy" target="_blank">data-sensitive</a>. In Germany, data is very regulated. For example, you cannot record a patient and then analyse it. So it's really challenging to create a device for <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/can-remote-patient-monitoring-improve-the-quality-of-healthcare" target="_blank">remote patient monitoring</a>. We had the idea to use a thermal camera to take a video feed anonymously, sSo you only have an abstract grayscale image with temperature information. Its not possible to clearly identify a person out of this captured image but it is possible to detect the patient's body (position, vital signs) so that patient monitoring can be done without violating the patient's personal rights and that the patient may feel uncomfortable by the "monitoring".&nbsp;<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk1MjA2MTUyMTU1LU5DUE1TeXNfcHJvdG90eXBlICgyKS5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">The remote patient monitoring device prototype.&nbsp;Jessica Miley: So the product addresses a problem that health institutions have of keeping an eye on a large number of patients - your product can monitor key health aspects such as breathing etc. - &nbsp;without needing staff to be everywhere at once?Marcel Ochsendorf: Yes. In Germany, and likely other countries, hospitals are very understaffed. So it’s a good solution to monitor patients without additional staff. Currently, patients are monitored by being physically attached to machines, for example, heart rate and oxygen via a finger clip.&nbsp;Jessica Miley: How does the product actually work?Sebastian Kindorf: The product primarily relies on two different sensor signals for its functioning.First, a thermal camera is utilized to record the patient's body temperature. Each individual has a unique "healthy" body temperature range, and deviations from this range can indicate potentially dangerous conditions such as hypothermia or fever. Monitoring body temperature serves as an essential indicator for determining if a patient requires closer examination.Secondly, a regular imaging camera, combined with specific evaluation algorithms, is used to derive additional parameters such as respiratory status, respiratory rate, heart rate, heart rate variability, and patient positioning. This information can provide insights into potential falls from the bed. To determine heart rate and heart rate variability, we employ remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) technology. The rPPG analyzes color changes in the skin to extract cardiovascular information.By simply transferring patient data, the hard-working healthcare workers should eventually be relieved.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk1MjA2MTc2MDcxLU5DUE1TeXNfcHJvdG90eXBlX2JhY2t3aXRoUm9jayAoMikucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">The device aims to reduce the workload of health care workers.&nbsp;Jessica Miley: What kind of technical hurdles have you faced, and how did you overcome them or what? How did using the ROCK hardware assist in that?Marcel Ochsendorf: The main goal is to do all the sensor processing locally. In addition, secure encryption algorithms must be used. This way, no sensitive data is left on a device or forwarded to personnel. The complete evaluation runs locally on the device and only status information leaves the device. This is to comply with the strict requirement of data protection guidelines.&nbsp;Sebastian Kindorf: The Rock chip has a very good GPU and thus good possibilities for processing by algorithms or trained AIs. Image processing is therefore much faster on the Rock chip than on a Raspberry Pi, for example, where only a few frames per second of high definition image data can be processed. Additionally, ROCK's single board computers were also available during the Covid19 pandemic, compared to many other SBCs which were not.&nbsp;Jessica Miley: Can you say a little bit about your plans for the future with this project? I know that you had said in your submission that you had spoken to one hospital about doing a test. So maybe you can talk a little bit about your plans to scale.Marcel Ochsendorf: Yes, we have talked to one hospital in Germany. It’s the institution I used to work for, so I have some contacts there. Once we finalize our prototype, the hospital has offered to give us some room or an environment to set up and test. This is an opportunity for us if we progress further and are confident that the system is fully working. Then we will have the opportunity to test it there.&nbsp;Jessica Miley: What other resources do you need to do that? What are the challenges ahead, apart from perhaps needing time?Sebastian Kindorf: We are implementing the project following the V-model methodology. The Concept of Operation (CoP) phase is complete, and we are now in the requirements and architecture phase. We are specifying the prototype and final product requirements and concretizing the device implementation. The hardware components for the final system have been determined, ordered, and will undergo step-by-step testing soon.I think we have an edge, and the device has a huge potential, even if we just say we only want to have it in intensive care.&nbsp;Jessica Miley: Final question: What advice would you give to other engineers who are developing novel projects like yours?&nbsp;Marcel Ochsendorf: Be creative. Here in the university context, people are afraid of trying things and wrecking things.&nbsp;Marcel Ochsendorf: You can't get some experience if you don't try it. Okay, this can break but at least you tried. Okay, this breaks. Okay, then it's fine. Then go on to the next iterations. I think this is a very good approach to build rather than overly plan. So, planning is good, but it's not everything!Jessica Miley: I love that approach; just trying something is as important as planning! And what about you, Sebastian? Do you have some advice?Sebastian Kindorf: I agree; if you don't try, you don't get experience. I also think you should make the most of being a student, because you have nothing to lose!Jessica: Thanks guys - this was a great conversation - we really look forward to following your journey with this project.&nbsp;

In response to the OKDo Engineering Challenge, Marcel Ochsendorf and Sebastian Kindorf developed a medical device that uses thermal imaging for remote patient monitoring. Their innovative project won the Wevolver Community Vote. 


Thermal imaging for remote patient monitoring: Winners of the OKdo Engineering Challenge Wevolver Community Vote

Exploring the advanced features of SBCs in optimizing control and industrial efficiencyAutomation is becoming a transformative trend in the constantly evolving industrial landscape. Industrial automation, which involves implementing control systems based on computers and robots, is remodeling industrial operations, ranging from the production line and manufacturing to quality control and material handling. In this context, the Single Board Computer (SBC), a discrete but powerful engineering component, is emerging as a driving force behind this revolution.<h2 dir="ltr">Boosting efficiency and control with SBCs in industrial automation</h2>SBCs play an important role in industrial automation, significantly boosting cutting-edge applications. These compact devices, equipped with built-in microprocessors, memory, and input/output (I/O) interfaces, have become key to various innovative industrial applications.Industries widely use SBCs to monitor and control production lines, regulate environmental conditions, and supervise machine operation. An application example of SBCs is accurately monitoring temperature and humidity conditions in storage environments for perishable products. Sensors connected to the SBCs collect data in real time, allowing precise control over storage variables. This level of monitoring provides an ideal environment for preserving perishable products, avoiding waste, and ensuring the quality of the end product.Similarly, in the pharmaceutical sector, SBCs can play an important role in process automation. For example, a pharmaceutical company can implement SBCs to accurately monitor the dosage of chemical products in its manufacturing procedures. Dosing sensors connected to SBCs ensure that the exact amounts of chemicals are added to each production batch, assuring the consistency and quality of pharmaceutical products.In manufacturing plants, SBCs can ensure the continuous operation of the production line, without requiring downtime for maintenance, by enabling predictive maintenance. Furthermore, SBCs can use tracking and logistics systems to help monitor the movement and location of products in real time along the supply chain.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MDM4NDI2LXNodXR0ZXJzdG9ja18xNzI4NTY3MDczICgxKS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Additionally, the SBCs contribute to interface human-machine interaction (HMI). These compact computers can feed information to industrial displays and touch screens, providing operators with critical real-time information about the manufacturing process. SBCs can also be programmed to facilitate automatic corrective actions, minimizing the need for constant human intervention.<h2 dir="ltr">Benefits and technical challenges of SBCs for industrial automation&nbsp;</h2>The adoption of SBCs in industrial automation brings with it many tangible benefits. They offer significant cost efficiency, providing a compact and economical alternative to conventional Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) or Programmable Automation Controllers (PACs) without compromising functionality.SBCs provide flexibility in applications due to their ability to run various operating systems, such as Ubuntu, Debian, and Android. In addition, they support different programming languages, such as Python, C, and C++, making them highly adaptable to the multifaceted demands of industrial automation. Their compact footprint and reduced energy consumption make them versatile for industrial applications where space optimization and energy efficiency are paramount requirements.However, the use of SBCs in industrial automation faces technical challenges. Industrial environments often require high standards of durability and reliability, which conventional consumer SBCs may need to meet. Ensuring robustness against temperature extremes, vibrations, and electromagnetic interference requires additional hardware design considerations or the selection of industrial-grade SBCs.<h2 dir="ltr">Industrial automation with OKdo&rsquo;s ROCK series</h2><a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>&#39;s ROCK series SBCs have high-performance processors, such as those based on the ARM architecture, giving them the processing power needed to tackle complex automation tasks. Additionally, their durability is ensured through a robust design that can cope with extreme temperature fluctuations, strong vibrations, and electromagnetic interference.The <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK series</a> also features connectivity with Ethernet interfaces and support for wireless communications such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, enabling comprehensive integration into modern industrial networks. Expansion flexibility is extended through GPIO ports and slots for expansion modules, providing precise and adaptable customization for various industrial applications. In industrial automation, the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK series</a> SBCs can be used, for example, in robotic control systems and preventative maintenance.<h2 dir="ltr">Robotic control systems</h2>In industrial automation with robots, an example of an SBC application is the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 SE</a> combined with a <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-lidar-module-with-bracket/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LiDAR module</a>. Combining these two devices enables the robot to detect nearby objects accurately, providing positioning data for navigation in the industrial landscape. Therefore, using an efficient and low-cost system, the robot can perform its functions accurately.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MDc4OTU2LWltYWdlNC0yLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Image credit: OKdoThe <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 SE</a> is an SBC developed by <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://radxa.com/" target="_blank">Radxa</a>, based on a low-energy, high-performance Rockchip RK3399-T Hexa-core processor. It is equipped with Processador Hexa-core com big.LITTLE&trade; Arm&reg; Dual Cortex-A72&reg; CPU , Quad-core Cortex-A53 e Arm Mali&trade; - GPU T860MP4 and 4GB 64bit LPDDR4 RAM. ROCK 4 SE also offers ample storage capacity with a Micro SD card, an eMMC card, and an M.2 card. The eMMC storage gives ROCK a significant advantage in embedded designs due to eMMC&#39;s superior speed, reliability, capacity, and durability over SD cards.Additionally, it has various connectivity features, including Bluetooth 5.0, WiFi, Gigabit Ethernet, USB and HDMI ports, and an integrated antenna, allowing you to incorporate the ROCK 4 SE into applications widely. The ROCK 4 SE also has the following features for the 40-pin 0.1&quot; (2.54 mm) header it supports a wide range of interface options:<ul><li dir="ltr">2 x UART</li><li dir="ltr">2 x SPI bus</li><li dir="ltr">2 x I2C bus</li><li dir="ltr">1 x PCM/I2S&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">1 x SPDIF</li><li dir="ltr">1 x PWM</li><li dir="ltr">1 x ADC</li><li dir="ltr">6 x GPIO</li><li dir="ltr">2 x 5V DC power in&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">2 x 3.3V power pin</li></ul><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTEzNDk2LWltYWdlMy0yLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Radxa ROCK 4 SE. Image credit: OKdoThe <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-lidar-module-with-bracket/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LiDAR Module</a> is a time-of-flight (TOF) sensor that uses a laser to detect distances up to 12 meters away with an accuracy of 0.02 mm. It offers 360-degree environmental detection and is compatible with the SBC <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 SE</a> through a UART cable, making it ideal for industrial applications such as robot movement control and precise mapping of the industrial environment.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTQzNDc1LVVudGl0bGVkIGRlc2lnbiAoMTIpLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">LiDAR module. Image credit: <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>.<h2 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Automated preventative maintenance</h2>In preventative maintenance of industrial processes, SBCs also are applicable, preventing breakdowns and downtime, saving money, and increasing production efficiency. In such applications, the system typically consists of an SBC to receive, process, and transmit the measured data.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTgyNDUzLXNodXR0ZXJzdG9ja18xODA3MjM5ODQ3ICgxKS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">An SBC model that can create an automated preventive maintenance system is the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 Model C+</a>, a robust, high-performance multifunction board based on the powerful Rockchip RK3399-T SoC. This SBC includes a Dual Arm Cortex A72 CPU, Quad Arm Cortex A53, and Arm Mali T860MP4 GPU and is compatible with a wide range of software operating systems, such as Android and Linux, with the GPU being Al stack-enabled, such as Caffe, a deep learning framework.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTk4ODEyLWltYWdlMi0yLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">ROCK 4 C+. Image credit: <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>.The ROCK 4 C+ provides serial communication capabilities, ethernet and USB connections, and a wireless connection compatible with 2.4 GHz/5 GHz WiFi networks. Furthermore, this SBC can perform safe shutdowns at the touch of a button without the risk of corrupting storage due to the integrated on/off button.One example of preventive maintenance is in rotating machines in industrial processes such as food refrigeration. A failure prevention system can be built to maintain these rotating machines by monitoring and identifying the current operating state. A system comprising the following components can be implemented:<ol><li dir="ltr">A ROCK 4 C+ to receive, process, and transmit the measured data.</li><li dir="ltr">A platform for monitoring the operational status, such as ThingSpeak, where a display can be connected to the ROCK to show the information.</li><li dir="ltr">An LSM9DS1 module to detect vibrations.</li><li dir="ltr">A voltage sensor compatible with the industrial network&#39;s maximum voltage, an example of 500V, is the V500-ISO sensor.</li><li dir="ltr">A current sensor that supports the machine&#39;s operating current, for example, the HTP200-P sensor that measures currents up to 200A.</li></ol>Additionally, a dataset is a requirement to train AI algorithms, such as recurrent neural networks. This is crucial for recognizing operational status and predicting failures of the rotating machines. With this in place, the monitoring system can alert the maintenance team in case of any issues, and the AI algorithm and device configurations can work seamlessly together.<h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2>SBCs are an efficient, innovative, and flexible solution for industrial automation. Their potential is transformative for the future of automation, despite any challenges that may arise. Using the ROCK family, you can access low-cost SBCs, such as the ROCK 4 SE and ROCK 4 C+, that offer reliability and high performance.<h2 dir="ltr">References</h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><h2>OKdo. &ldquo;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/project/how-to-build-an-autonomous-industrial-robot-with-rock-4-and-lidar-module/" target="_blank">How to build an autonomous industrial robot with ROCK 4 SE &amp; LiDAR Module</a>&rdquo;</h2></li><li dir="ltr">Fernando Br&uuml;gge, 2021. &ldquo;<a href="https://iot-analytics.com/rise-of-industrial-ai-aiot-4-trends-driving-technology-adoption/" target="_blank">The rise of industrial AI and AIoT: 4 trends driving technology adoption</a>&rdquo;</li><li dir="ltr">Cassiano Ferro Moraes, 2023. &ldquo;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/how-sbcs-can-lead-the-way-to-predictive-maintenance" target="_blank">How SBCs can lead the way to predictive maintenance</a>&rdquo;</li><li dir="ltr">OKdo. &ldquo;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/industrial/" target="_blank">Smart Industry &amp; Manufacturing IOT Solutions</a>&rdquo;</li></ol>

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