In this episode, we explore how AI co-pilots are equipping doctors with powerful tools to enhance decision-making and patient care and discuss how it could impact you - a potential patient - in the not distant future.

Podcast: Will AI Assistants Make Your Doctor Better?

EPFL researchers have combined virtual reality, non-invasive brain stimulation and advanced brain imaging techniques to improve spatial navigation in healthy participants. The study is a first step in addressing dementia in an aging population without medication or surgery.

Neurotechnology boosts memory without surgery

<section id="isPasted">Imagine you have a virtual copy of your own body. This digital twin, an accurate computer model, can help doctors better understand your health, personalize treatments, and intervene earlier to prevent more significant problems. What sounds like science fiction now is becoming more and more of a reality, and in the (distant) future, it could revolutionize healthcare.Source: <a href="https://www.catharinaziekenhuis.nl/actueel/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Catharina Ziekenhuis Eindhoven</a> / Geert Piek</section><section tabindex="-1">A digital twin is actually a kind of digital version of yourself, based on data from your body, but also on information from many other people. This technology is already being used in sectors such as industry and urban planning, where these virtual copies can be used to predict how machines or traffic systems will behave, for example.Now, this technique is also increasingly finding its way into healthcare.<h2 id="isPasted">What does this mean for the patient of the future?</h2>Lukas Dekker, cardiologist-electrophysiologist at the Catharina Hospital and professor at Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), explains: “In the future, we will be able to provide tailor-made care with the help of a digital twin.”“This means that we are better able to determine the best treatment for each patient, instead of giving everyone the same standard of care. This not only makes healthcare more personalized but also more efficient and affordable. We move away from the idea of&nbsp;one size fits all.”A digital twin is not a simple model that doctors use to try out surgeries in advance but a smart collection of data that uses real-time information to simulate and predict your health. “We combine medical scans, data on how your body moves and how it responds to treatments. This allows us to calculate, for example, how your heart functions,” says Dekker.<h3>Saving lives</h3>This opens the door to new possibilities. Let's say you've had a heart attack. With a digital twin, doctors would be able to predict who has an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias after such an attack. That can save lives.Carlijn Buck, PhD candidate in cardiovascular biomechanics, is working on&nbsp;<a href="https://www.catharinaziekenhuis.nl/kan-data-voorspellen-wie-na-een-infarct-hartritmestoornissen-ontwikkelt/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the development of digital twins of heart patients within the COMBAT-VT project</a>. “It's still a long way off to make a complete digital copy of the body, but the first versions of digital twins of the heart have already been created,” she says. “The next step is for such a model to adapt as new data comes in, and then quickly predict whether something will go wrong.”This means that doctors can predict your health better and better without you having to go to the hospital constantly. “In the future, more and more devices you wear – such as smart watches or heart monitors – will pass on data to your doctor.”“They can then monitor your health remotely and intervene if necessary,” explains Dekker. “When something is measured, you don't just want the data in question to be analyzed, but also to be analyzed in a certain context. After all, one person differs significantly from another, whether that is due to age, weight, or medical history.”<h3 id="isPasted">No unnecessary burden on healthcare</h3>One of the most significant advantages of a digital twin is that it helps doctors estimate when you need what type of medical care. “Some patients may need to be checked more quickly than others. With a digital twin, we can better assess this in the future and offer tailored care,” says Dekker.This also means that the healthcare system is not unnecessarily burdened. “Not every patient needs a complicated model,” Buck explains. “For some patients, a simple risk model is sufficient, based on data such as age and weight. But if there is a high risk, we can create a more detailed model to get a better understanding.”She explains that this requires more complicated data, such as an MRI scan of the heart. This means more impact for the patient, a more labor-intensive job for the medical engineer who assembles the twin, and higher healthcare costs. “So if you don't need such a detailed model, you shouldn't do it.”<h3>Human side remains crucial</h3>Creating&nbsp;a digital twin is an intensive process in which technicians and doctors work closely together. The technician builds the twins while the doctor determines how they will be used in practice. “For example, in the case&nbsp;<a href="https://www.catharinaziekenhuis.nl/behandelingen/ablatie/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">of ablation</a>, a procedure to treat cardiac arrhythmias, the model could help determine when and how the heart can best be treated,” says Buck.But, she emphasizes, a digital twin does not replace the doctor. “The model doesn't tell you how you feel or how you view surgery. It can't take the context into account; it's only useful for what it's made for. It is, therefore, a tool for the doctor to provide the best possible care. The human side and the overall context remain crucial, and that’s why we will still need a doctor.”<h3>Enormous possibilities</h3>Although the technology is still in the early stages of development, the possibilities of digital twins are enormous. The combination of data, technology and medical expertise ensures that we can provide more and more tailor-made care in the future.The COMBAT-VT project falls under the umbrella of the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/research-groups/eaisi/eaisi-business-operations/eindhoven-medtech-innovation-center/" target="_blank">Eindhoven MedTech Innovation Center (e/MTIC),</a> a large regional partnership in the field of medical technology between TU/e, Philips, and the Catharina Hospital, Maxima Medical Center, and Kempenhaeghe. A crucial collaboration for this research is combining input from healthcare with technological developments. </section>

Lukas Dekker and Carlijn Buck in consultation with their digital twin. Photo: Catharina Ziekenhuis Eindhoven

Researchers Lukas Dekker and Carlijn Buck of TU/e and the Catharina Hospital are investigating how they can provide better-tailored care to heart patients through smart modeling, thanks to a digital twin of each patient.

Digital twins will help to tailor healthcare more in the future

Thinking outside the box, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) and Aarhus University researchers have now engineered “MouthIO,” a dental brace that can be fabricated with sensors and feedback components to capture in-mouth interactions and data. This interactive wearable could eventually assist dentists and other doctors with collecting health data and help motor-impaired individuals interact with a phone, computer, or fitness tracker using their mouths.Resembling an electronic retainer, MouthIO is a see-through brace that fits the specifications of your upper or lower set of teeth from a scan. The researchers created a plugin for the modeling software Blender to help users tailor the device to fit a dental scan, where you can then 3D print your design in dental resin. This computer-aided design tool allows users to digitally customize a panel (called PCB housing) on the side to integrate electronic components like batteries, sensors (including detectors for temperature and acceleration, as well as tongue-touch sensors), and actuators (like vibration motors and LEDs for feedback). You can also place small electronics outside of the PCB housing on individual teeth.<iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PsDgvZ_6vT4?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe><h2 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The active mouth</h2>“The mouth is a really interesting place for an interactive wearable and can open up many opportunities, but has remained largely unexplored due to its complexity,” says senior author Michael Wessely, a former CSAIL postdoc and senior author on a&nbsp;<a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3654777.3676443">paper about MouthIO</a> who is now an assistant professor at Aarhus University. “This compact, humid environment has elaborate geometries, making it hard to build a wearable interface to place inside. With MouthIO, though, we’ve developed a new kind of device that’s comfortable, safe, and almost invisible to others. Dentists and other doctors are eager about MouthIO for its potential to provide new health insights, tracking things like teeth grinding and potentially bacteria in your saliva.” The excitement for MouthIO’s potential in health monitoring stems from initial experiments. The team found that their device could track bruxism (the habit of grinding teeth) by embedding an accelerometer within the brace to track jaw movements. When attached to the lower set of teeth, MouthIO detected when users grind and bite, with the data charted to show how often users did each. Wessely and his colleagues’ customizable brace could one day help users with motor impairments, too. The team connected small touchpads to MouthIO, helping detect when a user’s tongue taps their teeth. These interactions could be sent via Bluetooth to scroll across a webpage, for example, allowing the tongue to act as a “third hand” to open up a new avenue for hands-free interaction."MouthIO is a great example how miniature electronics now allow us to integrate sensing into a broad range of everyday interactions,” says study co-author Stefanie Mueller, the TIBCO Career Development Associate Professor in the MIT departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Mechanical Engineering and leader of the HCI Engineering Group at CSAIL. “I'm especially excited about the potential to help improve accessibility and track potential health issues among users."<h2 dir="ltr">Molding and making MouthIO</h2>To get a 3D model of your teeth, you can first create a physical impression and fill it with plaster. You can then scan your mold with a mobile app like Polycam and upload that to Blender. Using the researchers’ plugin within this program, you can clean up your dental scan to outline a precise brace design. Finally, you 3D print your digital creation in clear dental resin, where the electronic components can then be soldered on. Users can create a standard brace that covers their teeth, or opt for an “open-bite” design within their Blender plugin. The latter fits more like open-finger gloves, exposing the tips of your teeth, which helps users avoid lisping and talk naturally.This “do it yourself” method costs roughly $15 to produce and takes two hours to be 3D-printed. MouthIO can also be fabricated with a more expensive, professional-level teeth scanner similar to what dentists and orthodontists use, which is faster and less labor-intensive.Compared to its closed counterpart, which fully covers your teeth, the researchers view the open-bite design as a more comfortable option. The team preferred to use it for beverage monitoring experiments, where they fabricated a brace capable of alerting users when a drink was too hot. This iteration of MouthIO had a temperature sensor and a monitor embedded within the PCB housing that vibrated when a drink exceeded 65 degrees Celsius (or 149 degrees Fahrenheit). This could help individuals with mouth numbness better understand what they’re consuming. In a user study, participants also preferred the open-bite version of MouthIO. “We found that our device could be suitable for everyday use in the future,” says study lead author and Aarhus University PhD student Yijing Jiang. “Since the tongue can touch the front teeth in our open-bite design, users don’t have a lisp. This made users feel more comfortable wearing the device during extended periods with breaks, similar to how people use retainers.” The team’s initial findings indicate that MouthIO is a cost-effective, accessible, and customizable interface, and the team is working on a more long-term study to evaluate its viability further. They’re looking to improve its design, including experimenting with more flexible materials, and placing it in other parts of the mouth, like the cheek and the palate. Among these ideas, the researchers have already prototyped two new designs for MouthIO: a single-sided brace for even higher comfort when wearing MouthIO while also being fully invisible to others, and another fully capable of wireless charging and communication. Jiang, Mueller, and Wessely’s co-authors include PhD student Julia Kleinau, master’s student Till Max Eckroth, and associate professor Eve Hoggan, all of Aarhus University. Their work was supported by a Novo Nordisk Foundation grant and was presented at ACM’s Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology.

When you think about hands-free devices, you might picture Alexa and other voice-activated in-home assistants, Bluetooth earpieces, or asking Siri to make a phone call in your car. You might not imagine using your mouth to communicate with other devices like a computer or a phone remotely. 

Interactive mouthpiece opens new opportunities for health data, assistive technology, and hands-free interactions

<section id="isPasted">In the 2010s, at-home 3D printing become a widespread craze but as years passed the buzz has quieted. While some of the media excitement may have tempered, 3D printing applications continued to flourish in more technical industries, and the technology has become an intrinsic part of manufacturing and producing products from hearing aids, dentistry parts or surgical instruments and inhalers. As part of 3D printing’s resurgence, it is now transforming the life sciences industry and revolutionizing Medtech in unexpected ways.</section><section><h2>Using 3D Printed Microneedles to Tackle Skin Cancer</h2>Our customer <a href="https://www.imcomet.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IMcoMET Medtech</a> is a biotech startup in the field of skin cancer treatment. Immunotherapy is now turning to the use of micro-scale tools to change the way we treat skin cancer, &nbsp;IMcoMET MedTech has developed technology like the <a href="https://bmf3d.com/resource/skin-cancer-treatment-device-manufactured-with-micro-3d-printing/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">microneedle-Duo (M-Duo)</a> which allows the microenvironment of the tumor and all of its components to be physically removed, to then be replaced with healthy tissue.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1730078578343-imcomet-image.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><section id="isPasted">This small scale of design and alternative approach to tumor aspiration wouldn’t be possible without 3D printing technology from Boston Micro Fabrication, which printed the parts needed to assemble the device on its open-source, micro 3D printing platform. The technology used 3D printed components such as the caps/lid that hold the needles in place. BMF was able to print these high-precision pieces, bridging the gap between classic technology (SLA 3D and nano 3D printing). BMF is able to manufacture these parts due to the high-precision capabilities of its devices – with 100µm channels and spacing requirements of the part down to 20-40 µm.</section><section><h2>Shaping COVID-19 Testing with High-Resolution Molding</h2>Researchers at&nbsp;<a href="https://www.berkeley.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">UC Berkeley</a> were looking for an alternative method to produce molds for multiplex&nbsp;<a href="https://bmf3d.com/resource/3d-printing-molds-uc-berkeley/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">microfluidic</a> devices that can be used in the fight against COVID-19. These devices are equipped with a sensor and can be used to perform traditional antibody testing for patients who are infected. As a means to reduce the spread of viruses, there is a pressing need to detect infection at a very early stage through viral RNA analysis.Christos Adamopoulos, PhD Candidate and Asmaysinh Gharia, Researcher at UC Berkeley were very impressed with the ultra-high resolution that BMF’s technology can achieve. The accuracy and precision of these 3D printed molds is especially important as the microfluidic multiplex devices currently use 100µm channels and they wanted to make channels on an even smaller scale with a higher density.After running through tests with BMF on their 10-micron resolution <a href="https://bmf3d.com/10%CE%BCm-series-printers/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">microArch S140 3D</a> printer, they discovered it was possible to produce features and channels down to 50µm and still have the layers align accurately. They can now fit eight channels instead of five onto the same footprint and can scale up device complexity without increasing the production scale.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1730078636789-1730078636789.png" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><h2 id="isPasted">Increasing High Quality Precision in Medtech</h2>Medical devices place extremely high demands on the reliability of their components. &nbsp;With applications including surgical power tools, ventilators, and heart pumps, precision bearings are among the critical components on which the safety of treated patients often directly depends. The need for precision and selection fitting components for the device is of the utmost importance.<a href="https://www.rndrmedical.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">RNDR Medical</a> is a team of talented and experienced medical device engineers, designers, technicians and executives focused on the advancement of medical technologies. In their recent partnership with BMF, they were able to launch a <a href="https://bmf3d.com/resource/micro-3d-printing-for-disposable-medical-devices/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">novel single-use scope for endourology</a> that is utilized for direct visualization and navigation to enable diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract disorders, such as kidney stones and urothelial carcinoma, as well as pyeloscopy procedures enabling therapeutic access to the renal pelvis and kidneys.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1730078665670-disposable-tip-rndr-1.png" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><section id="isPasted">Anthony Appling, Principal, Co-owner, and Keith Wells, Design Engineering Lead were seeking a manufacturing solution since the device requires a high degree of precision while being sealed to prevent fluid exposure. While searching for a solution to navigate the long and expensive wait times of micro molding, they came across Boston Micro Fabrication’s Projection Micro Stereolithography (PµSL) micro 3D printing technology.By partnering with BMF, the RNDR team was able to cut production time in half. BMF’s microscale 3D printers also enabled the company’s medical device engineers to evaluate and iterate designs in a matter of days and weeks vs months. As RNDR Medical can attest, BMF 3D printers are well-suited for visualization systems, therapy and diagnostic catheters, and delivery systems across medical device markets.</section><section><h2>Enhanced efficiency in Medtech devices</h2>According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, annual US healthcare spending on medical devices is projected to reach around $300 billion to $400 billion — 5-6% of $6.8 trillion in total healthcare spend — by 2030. &nbsp;3D printing is already becoming a critical player in the production and manufacturing process as companies and research institutes continue to utilize its applications.Last year, the <a href="https://www.unict.it/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">University of Catania</a> designed <a href="https://bmf3d.com/resource/micro-3d-printing-for-micro-optofluidics/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">micro-optofluidic devices</a> suitable for an enhanced optical investigation device. Lorena Saitta, PhD in the Polymers and Composites was looking for a one-step manufacturing process that could guarantee optical transparency and tailored surface chemistry without the need for further assembly. The device also needed appropriate surface roughness to avoid flow instability and minimize the risk of fluid leakage at assembly points.Saitta turned to 3D printing to manufacture the micro-optofluidic device in one piece. Using the <a href="https://bmf3d.com/10%CE%BCm-series-printers/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">microArch S140,</a> team was able to print the device with integrated inlets, outlets, and insertions for micro-optical fibers. The microArch S140 was also able to manufacture the micro-optofluidic device in one piece, eliminating concerns over fluid leakage. Projection Micro Stereolithography has opened new frontiers in the manufacturing of micro-optofluidic devices” says Lorena Saitta, PhD, University of Catania.</section><section><h2>Expanding MedTech Applications</h2>Use cases are increasingly proving that 3D printing is growing to be more intertwined with the advancement of technology in healthcare and the life sciences. Beyond applications in use today, BMF is continuing to innovate through its partnership with the University of Nottingham. The Centre for Additive Manufacturing, a multidisciplinary research group at The University of Nottingham, is developing a toolkit that will act as an instruction manual to improve the pathway from research all the way through to development and clinical adoption; identifying how medical technology companies can develop personalized and tailored medical devices. This project aims to help to unlock a bottleneck that prevents the bringing of new innovative engineering to the NHS.Whether it’s by creating micro-scale tools that deliver immunotherapy and have the potential to change the way we treat skin cancer, to producing high accuracy and precision printing molds for early detection COVID-19 tests or looking away from traditional manufacturing to additive manufacturing to combat extended production times, micro 3D printing is pushing the boundaries of innovation. The benefit of utilizing 3D continues to be recognized by companies as a creative, high-quality solution and will continue to play a critical role in new innovations to come.</section></section></section>

3D printing applications continued to flourish in more technical industries, and the technology has become an intrinsic part of manufacturing and producing products from hearing aids, dentistry parts or surgical instruments and inhalers.

The top ways high precision 3D printing is changing the medical and life sciences landscape

Co-founder of TU/e spin-off Microsure, microsurgeon Tom van Mulken, defended his PhD thesis at Maastricht University on October 18th. He studied the safety and capabilities of a surgical support robot for microsurgical procedures.

Thanks to a newly developed surgical robot, reconstructive surgery can be performed more safely and accurately in the future. This is also expected to lead to fewer complications and faster patient recovery.

Precision robot transforms reconstructive microsurgery

Two new kinds of on-skin electronics allow users to build and customize them directly on the body – with potential applications in biometric sensing, medical monitoring, interactive prosthetic makeup and more.<a href="https://www.hybridbody.human.cornell.edu/#/skinlink/">SkinLink</a>, developed by the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.hybridbody.human.cornell.edu/">Hybrid Body Lab</a> led by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.human.cornell.edu/people/hk932">Cindy Hsin-Liu Kao</a>, assistant professor of human centered design in the College of Human Ecology, is an on-skin electronic interface that can be fabricated right on the body, providing flexibility in design depending on the intended use. And&nbsp;<a href="https://www.hybridbody.human.cornell.edu/#/ecskin/">ECSkin</a> is an electrochromic display interface that also can be fabricated in situ, and features modular design through tiles that can be arranged as desired.Some of the potential applications for SkinLink include vital-sign and posture monitoring, proximity sensing and body art.“Both of these projects are modular prototyping toolkits, to enable much more intricate on-skin circuitry prototyping,” Kao said. “And users are able to build the circuitry directly on the skin surface.”Doctoral student and lab member Pin-Sung Ku is lead author of “<a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3596241">SkinLink:&nbsp;On-body Construction and Prototyping of Reconfigurable Epidermal Interfaces</a>,” which was presented in early October at UbiComp/ISWC ’24, the Association for Computing Machinery’s international joint conference on pervasive and ubiquitous computing.The work earned a Distinguished Paper Award from the journal, Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, where it was originally published in June 2023.<a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3659613">ECSkin: Tessellating Electrochromic Films for Reconfigurable On-skin Displays</a>, which published May 15, 2024, in the same journal and for which Ku is also lead author, was also presented at the conference. Kao is senior author for both papers.SkinLink represents a step forward from&nbsp;<a href="https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2022/11/skinkit-offers-versatile-wearable-skin-computing">SkinKit, which the lab developed</a> and presented at UbiComp in 2021. The earlier iteration featured slim and flexible printed circuit boards in temporary tattoo form, but the boards had predefined behaviors and larger surface areas, making customizability a challenge.“There were several issues we didn’t address in SkinKit, such as how to allow users to program the modules the way they want to,” Ku said. “For SkinKit, everything was pre-programmed; users had to attach things in a certain order. With SkinLink, there is more customizability of the functions they like.”With SkinKit, for example, the circuitry had to be built before applying it to the body; with SkinLink, users can put one module on the body, then another, for more customizability.&nbsp;The SkinLink toolkit consists of functional circuit modules, made of flexible printed circuit boards, and flexible, custom-designed wiring (called trace modules, or traces) that connect the sensor and actuator modules to the microcontroller board.That’s a key difference from SkinKit: Smaller circuit boards are connect via flexible wiring, allowing for greater freedom of motion without sacrificing connectivity.&nbsp; “The circuit boards are somewhat rigid,” Ku said, “but we created the traces to be elastic, stretchable and flexible, so as not to hinder body movement.”The on-body fabrication process starts with selecting and programming the circuit board and trace modules. The microcontroller board can be repeatedly programmed during this step, to fine-tune the circuit functions. The boards can be temporarily placed on the body and customized, before final placement.The researchers conducted A/B testing of SkinLink, comparing its usability with SkinKit in a 14-person study, and found that SkinLink enables a more flexible wiring process than SkinKit, along with unrestricted circuit arrangement and superior wearability. Compared to the SkinKit, the SkinLink interface has a much smaller footprint, better stretchability, easier fabricating and more seamless wear.SkinKit, Kao said, offered a “low floor” – a term coined by computer scientist Ben Shneiderman, meaning that people with little or no experience can quickly get started designing and prototyping wearable tech. SkinLink takes it a couple of steps further, she said.“Another goal is what we call ‘high ceilings and wide walls,’” she said. “High ceilings means increasing the complexity of the prototypes; wide walls refers to the vast array of things that could be designed. That’s what I think SkinLink really does.”Kao said she sees both SkinLink and ECSkin as “enabling technologies,” with a variety of potential uses. Some of the studies with SkinLink involved artists, wearable tech researchers, and psychology researchers for physiology sensing; she also envisions applications beyond humans.&nbsp;“Being able to use this as a functional technology for physiological sensing or artistic practice is one application,” she said. “Our work has focused on skin interfaces for humans, but I think there could also be potential for designing ‘skin’ interfaces for other living beings, such as animals, and sensing for agricultural purposes, even on plants. We are interested in bringing SkinLink to broader disciplines to support on-skin prototyping.”

An ECSkin on-body display, composed of modular electrochromic films, is flexible and soft, and easily conforms to complex body parts such as the wrist. Hybrid Body Lab/Provided

Two new kinds of on-skin electronics allow users to build and customize them directly on the body – with potential applications in biometric sensing, medical monitoring, interactive prosthetic makeup and more.

On-body electronics can monitor health, support creative expression

This article was discussed in our <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/the.next.byte" rel="noopener noreferrer">Next Byte podcast</a>.&nbsp;<iframe height="200px" width="100%" frameborder="no" scrolling="no" seamless="" src="https://player.simplecast.com/35ecb899-3a2c-45e8-9d17-7a8c87d944ba?dark=false" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe> The full article will continue below.<hr>Most doctors go into medicine because they want to help patients. But today’s health care system requires that doctors spend hours each day on other work — searching through electronic health records (EHRs), writing documentation, coding and billing, prior authorization, and utilization management — often surpassing the time they spend caring for patients. The situation leads to physician burnout, administrative inefficiencies, and worse overall care for patients.Ambience Healthcare is working to change that with an AI-powered platform that automates routine&nbsp;tasks for clinicians before, during, and after patient visits."We build co-pilots to give clinicians AI superpowers," says Ambience CEO Mike Ng MBA ’16, who co-founded the company with Nikhil Buduma ’17. "Our platform is embedded directly into&nbsp;EHRs to free up clinicians to&nbsp;focus on what matters most, which is providing the best possible patient care."Ambience’s suite of products handles pre-charting and real-time AI scribing, and assists with navigating the thousands of rules to select the right insurance billing codes. The platform can also send after-visit summaries to patients and their families in different languages to keep everyone informed and on the same page.Ambience is already being used across roughly 40 large institutions such as UCSF Health, the Memorial Hermann Health System, St. Luke’s Health System, John Muir Health, and more.&nbsp;Clinicians leverage Ambience in dozens of languages and more than&nbsp;100 specialties and subspecialties, in settings&nbsp;like the emergency department, hospital inpatient settings,&nbsp;and the oncology ward.The founders say clinicians using Ambience save two to three hours per day on documentation,&nbsp;report lower levels of burnout, and develop higher-quality relationships with their patients.<h2>From problem to product to platform</h2>Ng worked in finance until getting an up-close look at the health care system after he fractured his back in 2012. He was initially misdiagnosed and put on the wrong care plan, but he learned a lot about the U.S. health system in the process, including how the majority of clinicians’ days are spent documenting visits, selecting billing codes, and completing other administrative tasks. The average clinician only spends 27 percent of their time on direct patient care.In 2014, Ng decided to enter the MIT Sloan School of Management. During his first week, he attended the “t=0” celebration of entrepreneurship hosted by the Martin Trust Center for MIT Entrepreneurship, where he met Buduma.&nbsp;The pair became fast friends, and they ended up taking classes together including 15.378 (Building an Entrepreneurial Venture) and 15.392 (Scaling Entrepreneurial Ventures).“MIT was an incredible training ground to evaluate what makes a great company and learn the foundations of building a successful company,” Ng says.Buduma had gone through his own journey to discover problems with the health care system. After immigrating to the U.S. from India as a child and battling persistent health issues, he had watched his parents struggle to navigate the U.S. medical&nbsp;system. While completing his bachelor’s degree at MIT, he was also steeped in the AI research community and wrote an early textbook on modern AI and deep learning.In 2016, Ng and Buduma&nbsp;founded&nbsp;their first company in San Francisco — Remedy Health — which operated its own AI-powered health care platform. In the process of hiring clinicians, taking care of patients, and implementing technology themselves, they developed an even deeper appreciation for the challenges that health care organizations face.During that time, they also got an inside look at advances in AI. Google’s Chief Scientist Jeff Dean, a major investor in Remedy and now in Ambience, led a research group inside of Google Brain to invent the transformer architecture. Ng and Buduma say they were among the first to put transformers into production to support their own clinicians at Remedy. Subsequently, several of their friends and housemates went on to start the large language model group within OpenAI. Their friends’ work formed the research foundations that ultimately led to ChatGPT. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;“It was very clear that we were at this inflection point where we were going to have this class of general-purpose models that were going to get exponentially better,” Buduma says. “But I think we also noticed a big gap between those general-purpose models versus what actually would be robust enough to work in a clinic. Mike and I decided in 2020 that there should be a team that specifically focused on fine-tuning these models for health&nbsp;care and medicine.”The founders started Ambience by building an AI-powered scribe that works on phones and laptops to record the details of doctor-patient visits in a HIPAA-compliant system that preserves patient privacy. They quickly saw that the models needed to be fine-tuned for each area&nbsp;of medicine, and they slowly expanded specialty coverage one by one in a multiyear process.The founders also realized their scribes needed to fit within back-office operations like insurance coding and billing.“Documentation isn’t just for the clinician, it's also for the revenue cycle team,” Buduma says. “We had to go back and rewrite all of our algorithms to be coding-aware. There are literally tens of thousands of coding rules that change every year and differ by specialty and contract type.”From there, the founders built out models for clinicians to make referrals and to send comprehensive summaries of visits to patients.“In most care settings before Ambience, when a patient and their family left the clinic, whatever the patient and their family wrote down was what they remembered from the visit,” Buduma says. “That’s one of the features that physicians love most, because they are trying to create the best experience for patients and their families. By the time that patient is in the parking lot, they already have a really robust, high-quality summary of exactly what you talked about and all the shared decision-making around your visit in their portal.”<h2>Democratizing health care</h2>By improving physician productivity, the founders believe they’re helping the health care&nbsp;system manage a chronic shortage of clinicians that’s expected to grow in coming years.“In health care, access is still a huge problem,” Ng says. “Rural Americans have a 40 percent higher risk of preventable hospitalization, and half of that is attributed to a lack of access to specialty care.”With Ambience already helping health systems manage razor-thin margins by streamlining administrative tasks,&nbsp;the founders have a longer-term vision to help&nbsp;increase access to the best clinical information across the country.“There’s a really exciting opportunity to make expertise at some of the major academic medical centers more democratized across the U.S.,” Ng says. “Right now, there’s just not enough specialists in the U.S. to support our rural populations. We hope to help scale the knowledge of the leading specialists in the country through an AI infrastructure layer, especially as these models become more clinically intelligent.”

Ambience is being used across roughly 40 health systems in the U.S. by clinicians in over 100 subspecialties. Image: iStock

Alumni-founded Ambience Healthcare automates routine tasks for clinicians before, during, and after patient visits.

Equipping doctors with AI co-pilots

Neural spheroids — 3D clusters of brain cells — are emerging as essential tools for understanding neural networks and studying neurological diseases in the lab. EPFL’s e-Flower, a flower-shaped 3D microelectrode array (MEA), allows researchers to monitor the electrical activity of these spheroids in a way that was previously impossible. This breakthrough, <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adp8054" target="_blank" rel="noopener">published in Science Advances</a>, lays the groundwork for more sophisticated research on brain organoids, which are complex, miniaturized models of brain tissues.<blockquote>Our flexible technology makes it possible to get accurate recordings without damaging the 3D neural models.<footer>Stéphanie P. Lacour</footer></blockquote>“The e-Flower lets us record neural activity from much more of the surface of neural spheroids in real-time — something that wasn’t possible with earlier tools. Our flexible technology makes it possible to get accurate recordings without damaging the 3D neural models, giving us a better understanding of how their complex circuits work,” says Stéphanie P. Lacour, lead author of the paper and head of the Laboratory for Soft Bioelectronic Interfaces (<a href="https://www.epfl.ch/labs/lsbi/">LSBI</a>) at the Neuro X Institute.<h2>Why neural spheroids?</h2>“We focused on neural spheroids for this study because they provide a straightforward and accessible model,” says Eleonora Martinelli, one of the lead researchers on the project.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1729211190818-9f9374f8.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Eleonora Martinelli says the goal is to apply the e-Flower to brain organoids. © 2024 EPFL / Alain HerzogNeural spheroids are three-dimensional clusters of neurons that replicate some of the key functions of brain tissue. They are simpler than organoids, which contain multiple cell types and more closely mimic the brain. The LSBI team at Campus Biotech worked in collaboration with Luc Stoppini and Adrien Roux at the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.hesge.ch/hepia/en/group/bioengineering" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tissue Engineering Laboratory</a> (HEPIA-HESGE), researchers with long-standing experience with neural spheroids electrophysiology.“Spheroids are relatively easy to produce and manipulate in the lab, which makes them ideal for early-stage testing,” Martinelli continues. “However, our goal is to eventually apply the e-Flower to brain organoids, which more accurately model brain development and disorders.”“Organoids represent an exciting interface both for neuroscience research and next-generation neurotechnology,” says Stéphanie Lacour. “They bridge the gap between simplified in vitro models and the complexities of the human brain. Our work with the e-Flower is a critical step toward being able to explore these 3D models.”<h2>The serendipity behind the innovation</h2><blockquote>What was originally a problem for one project became the solution for another.<footer>Eleonora Martinelli</footer></blockquote>Interestingly, the e-Flower was born out of an unexpected discovery. Outman Akouissi, a collaborator on the project, encountered a challenge while working on soft implants for peripheral nerves: the hydrogels he used caused his devices to curl unpredictably when exposed to water. What started as a frustration turned into a breakthrough when Akouissi and Martinelli realized this curling mechanism could be harnessed for a completely different application — wrapping around neural spheroids.“This was a perfect example of how serendipity can lead to innovation,” says Martinelli. “What was originally a problem for one project became the solution for another.”<h2>A new approach to neural electrophysiology</h2>The device consists of four flexible petals equipped with platinum electrodes, which curl around the spheroid when exposed to the liquid that supports the cell structure. This actuation is driven by the swelling of a soft hydrogel, making the device both gentle on the tissue and easy to use.Designed to be compatible with existing electrophysiological systems, the e-Flower offers a plug-and-play solution for researchers, avoiding the need for complex external actuators or harmful solvents.Once the technology is applied to organoids, the ability to record electrical activity from all sides will provide a much more comprehensive understanding of brain processes. Researchers hope this will lead to new insights into neurodevelopment, brain injury recovery, and neurological diseases.<hr>ReferencesMartinelli, E., Akouissi, O., Liebi, L., Furfaro, I., Maulà, D., Savoia, N., Remy, A., Nikles, L., Roux, A., Stoppini, L., Lacour, S.P. "The e-Flower: A Hydrogel-Actuated 3D MEA for Brain Spheroid Electrophysiology." Science Advances, 2023. DOI:<a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adp8054" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1126/sciadv.adp8054</a>

EPFL researchers have developed a novel neural recording device called the "e-Flower" that gently wraps organoids in soft petals.

e-Flower records neuronal activity with electronic petals

Surgical instruments, sponges, or other objects that are inadvertently left inside a patient's body following a procedure are referred to as retained surgical bodies. Despite stringent safety protocols and advancements in surgical practices, these incidents can still occur, posing serious risks to patient health and safety.<iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/1k0pfPwzTw4?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true">&nbsp;&nbsp;</iframe>Several factors contribute to the occurrence of retained surgical bodies. One common factor is the hectic nature of surgical environments, where numerous instruments and items are used during procedures. High-stress situations, time pressure, and distractions can lead to oversight, causing medical teams to unintentionally leave objects inside patients. Additionally, during complex surgeries or emergency situations, maintaining an accurate count of surgical instruments and items may prove challenging, increasing the likelihood of retention.<a href="https://form.jotform.com/242533284499365"><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1728891364784-5+Rising+Trends+for+AI+Adoption+in+Manufacturing+%283%29.png" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></a>There are a number of practices that are intended to prevent the occurrence of retained surgical bodies. The most fundamental measure is the implementation of standardized counting procedures before, during, and after surgery. Surgical teams meticulously count and document all instruments and items used, cross-verifying with a designated checklist. The use of radio frequency identification technology and barcoding systems on surgical instruments has also been introduced to enhance tracking and minimize human error.Unfortunately, errors do still occur. And those errors can be very costly — complications arising from retained surgical bodies can be severe and potentially life-threatening. Patients may experience localized pain, infection, inflammation, and, in some cases, damage to surrounding organs or tissues. The foreign object can lead to the formation of abscesses or contribute to the development of systemic infections. In extreme cases, retained surgical bodies may necessitate additional surgeries to remove the object, which poses further risks and complications.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1728891383846-image3.png" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">AI surgical tool tracker: the finished device<h3 id="isPasted">Building a smart solution</h3>In an effort to remove human error from the equation, Eivind Holt has developed an automated system that can objectively assess if the entire surgical inventory has been accounted for at the end of a procedure. This system never suffers from stress in emergency situations, and never gets distracted from the task at hand, which could make it the ideal solution to the problem. The initial prototype has been implemented as a wearable device that can recognize a variety of surgical instruments as it sees them so that medical professionals can later ensure that they are all accounted for.Building a device like this can quickly get complicated. To be practical, a wearable device must be small and capable of operating for long periods of time on battery power. Designing an object detection algorithm that can efficiently run on such a tiny hardware platform also presents a number of issues, as computer vision-related tasks are often very resource-intensive. Moreover, for a typical person, collecting enough images of surgical instruments to train the object detection model can be challenging.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1728891405169-image2.png" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Surgical instruments used to collect the initial training dataset<h3 id="isPasted">Choosing hardware</h3>Holt was able to work through these problems by carefully selecting a set of tools that can address each of the challenges. On the hardware front, an Arduino Nicla Vision was chosen. At just 22.86 mm x 22.86 mm, it can easily clip on a shirt without getting in the way. With its built-in image sensor and an Arm Cortex M7 processor with 1 MB of RAM, it has the power to run some fairly sophisticated algorithms. Object detection algorithms, however, can easily stretch well beyond the capabilities of this device, so Holt utilized <a href="https://docs.edgeimpulse.com/docs/edge-impulse-studio/learning-blocks/object-detection/fomo-object-detection-for-constrained-devices" rel="noreferrer">Edge Impulse’s FOMO object detection</a> algorithm to not only make the development and deployment process simple, but also to optimize the model for the Nicla Vision hardware.<table><tbody><tr><td><h3>New whitepaper: Discover the 5 AI Trends Transforming Manufacturing</h3><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1728891435051-1728891435051.png" class="fr-fic fr-dii">The whitepaper, "5 Rising Trends for AI Adoption in Manufacturing," offers key insights into how artificial intelligence is transforming manufacturing processes. It explores survey data from over 150 industry leaders, revealing that optimizing production and improving product quality are top goals driving AI adoption. The report also discusses the rise of AI solutions for worker safety, real-time insights to boost profitability, and the growing importance of internal expertise in implementing AI. Download the full whitepaper to gain a deeper understanding of these trends and how AI/ML is shaping the future of manufacturing.<a href="https://form.jotform.com/242533284499365" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="button-main-action">DOWNLOAD YOUR FREE COPY</a></td></tr></tbody></table>With the basic game plan finalized, Holt got together a few basic instruments, like scalpels and forceps, then took a set of about 600 images with the Nicla Vision. After these images were uploaded to Edge Impulse and used to train the object detection model, it quickly became clear that something was wrong. The object detection accuracy rate was too low for the model to be of any use. After some investigation, Holt determined that reflective objects were the problem. All of the reflections changed the features of the objects that the model detected. And unfortunately, a large percentage of surgical instruments have a reflective chrome surface.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1728891460938-image5.png" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Generating synthetic data with NVIDIA’s Omniverse Replicator<h3 id="isPasted">More data needed</h3>Collecting a larger, more diverse dataset would likely resolve this issue, but that can be very challenging, especially in the context of surgical equipment. So, Holt came up with the idea of <a href="https://docs.edgeimpulse.com/experts/image-projects/nvidia-omniverse-replicator" rel="noreferrer">utilizing NVIDIA’s Omniverse Replicator to quickly generate a large, varied dataset</a> to further train the model. With this tool, 3D models of a wide variety of surgical instruments could be imported into a scene, then Replicator will move them around, adjust angles, lighting, and other factors to produce synthetic images that can be leveraged in model training. In this way, over 30,000 training images were produced.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1728891479091-synthetic-data.png" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Synthetic image from Omniverse ReplicatorAfter uploading this new set of data to Edge Impulse, Holt kicked off another round of model training. The results were much more favorable. The average object detection accuracy had climbed to 85.5%, which is more than good enough to prove the concept. This is an important reminder just how important good training data is — without the boost from Omniverse Replicator, this project may have been abandoned as too impractical.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1728891501209-image4.png" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">To put the finishing touches on the project, the object detection pipeline was deployed from Edge Impulse to the physical device. It was noted that the model can be deployed as an Arduino-compatible library, which allows for total customization of the application running on the hardware. In this way, the object detector could wirelessly communicate with a phone or tablet app, for example, via Bluetooth Low Energy to provide information about the surgical instruments used during a procedure. As a final step, Holt 3D-printed a small housing for the Nicla Vision and a LiPo battery that can be clipped to a shirt.It is amazing to think that with a bit of refinement, this inexpensive and relatively simple project could become a tool that saves lives in the future. Holt included a great deal of additional information in the <a href="https://docs.edgeimpulse.com/experts/featured-machine-learning-projects/surgery-inventory-synthetic-data">project write-up</a>, so be sure to take a look if you have any lingering questions or would like to get started building a wearable object detector for your own application.<hr><h3 id="isPasted">Download the whitepaper: 5 AI Trends Transforming Manufacturing</h3><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="a9ce89dd-4eb9-44c7-9d28-e3c7d10f7094" dir="auto" data-message-model-slug="gpt-4o"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="1c2c7603-add5-4aa4-84c9-81aa2c1371a2" dir="auto" data-message-model-slug="gpt-4o">Stay ahead of the curve on how AI is transforming businesses with the whitepaper "5 Rising Trends for AI Adoption in Manufacturing." The guide offers valuable insights to help leaders implement AI strategies that optimize production, improve product quality, and drive innovation. Download your free copy now:<iframe id="JotFormIFrame-242533284499365" title="Edge Impulse Form" allowtransparency="true" src="https://form.jotform.com/242533284499365" frameborder="0" style="min-width:100%;max-width:100%;height:900px;border:none;" scrolling="no" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"> </iframe></div></div>

Several factors contribute to the occurrence of retained surgical bodies. One common factor is the hectic nature of surgical environments, where numerous instruments and items are used during procedures.

No Scalpel Left Behind: Tracking Surgical Tools with AI and Synthetic Data from NVIDIA Omniverse

In this episode, we explore the versatile knee exoskeleton designed to enhance safety during lifting by using a novel design that improves the freedom of movement and safety in comparison to current state of the art.

Podcast: Wear This Exoskeleton & Save Your Knees!

Advancements in <a href="https://www.movella.com/products/motion-capture" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">motion capture technology</a> are transforming patient rehabilitation, as demonstrated by recent research combining Xsens technology with an innovative real-time biofeedback device. This approach promises to significantly enhance balance control and rehabilitation outcomes for patients with diverse balance and movement challenges.Key takeaways:<ul><li>A new device to improve balance:&nbsp;Dr. Hande Argunsah and PhD candidate Begum Yalcin developed a wearable device with real-time haptic biofeedback that helps patients maintain better balance during physical activities.</li><li>Accurate motion analysis with Xsens:&nbsp;The researchers chose Xsens Awinda to conduct device validation because the system provides precise data for evaluating the effectiveness of balance-improving devices.</li><li>Increased engagement: Using a 3D avatar in therapy sessions improves patient motivation and extends stamina during rehabilitation exercises.</li><li>Broad future research: The technology is being adapted for various conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease, scoliosis, and osteoarthritis research, to refine treatment methods.</li></ul><a href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JET-12-2022-0069/full/html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Published</a> in the Journal of Enabling Technologies.Today, patient rehabilitation is becoming more data-driven with the introduction of new technology, such as motion capture, providing precise and detailed patient movement analysis and in-depth insights. The researchers from Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University in Istanbul, Turkey, Dr. Hande Argunsah and PhD candidate Begum Yalcin used Xsens motion capture technology to address complex challenges in balance and motion analysis. Their innovative work not only demonstrates the potential of advanced motion capture systems, but also opens up new avenues for improving rehabilitation practices and patient outcomes.Addressing the challengeMedulloblastoma, a type of brain cancer affecting the cerebellum, often results in significant motor impairments, making balance and coordination a daily struggle for patients. Traditional rehabilitation methods may not fully address these issues, underscoring the need for more responsive and adaptive solutions. Recognizing this, Dr. Argunsah and Yalcin embarked on developing a groundbreaking wearable device aimed at monitoring and improving balance in real-time. Their <a href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JET-12-2022-0069/full/html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">research</a> involved a 16-year-old patient with medulloblastoma. The device, placed on the sternum, tracks balance losses and movement patterns while providing immediate haptic feedback through vibrations, aimed at helping patients correct their movements and improve stability.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzI4MzcwMDExMjUyLU1lZHVsbG9ibGFzdG9tYSByZXNlYXJjaCAxIChlZGl0ZWQpLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Control participant and patient participant perform the 10-meter walking testTo validate their device, Dr. Argunsah and Yalcin turned to Xsens motion capture technology, provided by the official distributor of Xsens in Turkey, <a href="https://www.sense4motion.com/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sense4Motion</a>. Xsens was instrumental in capturing detailed motion data and assessing the effectiveness of their device.The role of XsensIn the research, <a href="https://www.movella.com/products/motion-capture/xsens-mvn-awinda" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Xsens Awinda</a>&nbsp;was used to enable a comprehensive analysis of knee joint kinematics and center of mass orientation. By comparing movement patterns with and without the biofeedback device, Xsens provided a thorough evaluation of the device’s impact on balance and stability.The choice of Xsens for the research was based on several considerations. As Dr. Argunsah explains, "Xsens provides a lot of freedom, so we can take the device anywhere we want. As the data collection can be done anywhere while wearing daily clothing, patients can feel more comfortable. This also allows our students to be present and observe data collection."Dr. Argunsah also emphasized the patient’s positive response to the real-time Xsens 3D avatar, noting that it brings engagement and motivation during the rehabilitation journey." [Patients] are happy, and the 3D avatar captures their attention. During static tests, single leg stance tests, and while sitting with arms extended, the duration that patients can remain in the position increased when they were shown the 3D avatar. As they focused on the avatar, their motivation grew, leading to a significant increase in their stamina throughout the physical therapy session, especially during the single-leg assessment".Key research insightsThe integration of Xsens technology with the novel wearable device brought promising results. The device effectively improved movement patterns, bringing them closer to those observed in control subjects. More importantly, it significantly reduced the frequency of balance losses when biofeedback was provided, highlighting its potential for enhancing patient stability.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzI4MzcwMzY0OTgwLU1lZHVsbG9ibGF0b21hIHJlc2VhcmNoIDIgKGVkaXRlZCkucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Medulloblastoma patient performing the 10-meter walking test without biofeedbackLooking AheadDr. Argunsah and her research group are planning to expand their studies to include patients with Parkinson’s disease, scoliosis, and osteoarthritis, alongside other neurological and orthopedic conditions. By leveraging Xsens, they aim to gather extensive data and refine therapeutic interventions, ultimately developing advanced algorithms and treatments to better manage motor impairments and improve rehabilitation processes. Specifically, they aim to improve joint function and mobility in individuals with osteoarthritis by creating an algorithm to identify the severity of the condition.By combining innovative technologies with rigorous research, Dr. Argunsah and her research group are paving the way for more effective treatments and improved quality of life for patients with complex motor challenges.ConclusionThe findings of this research showcase the profound impact that advanced <a href="https://www.movella.com/products/motion-capture" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">motion capture</a> technology such as Xsens can have on patient rehabilitation. Dr. Argunsah notes that, based on their experience with Xsens, which they have been using since 2019, this technology may be applied effectively in the domains of health and rehabilitation, as well as ergonomics, sports, and animation. &nbsp;

By Xsens MVN Analyze

Advancing patient care with real-time balance biofeedback and Xsens analysis

In this episode, we explore an innovative and sustainable wearable device designed by researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology to improve posture and we discuss why AI isn’t just a novelty in this product but a core feature that sets it apart from the rest!<iframe height="200px" width="100%" frameborder="no" scrolling="no" seamless="" src="https://player.simplecast.com/d57569bc-03b3-422f-b7d5-738ddd6707a9?dark=false" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe><hr><h3 id="isPasted">Episode Notes</h3>(0:50) - <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/innovative-wearable-sustainably-improving-posture" target="_blank">Innovative Wearable: Sustainably Improving Posture</a>Become a founding reader of our newsletter: <a href="http://read.thenextbyte.com/" target="_blank">http://read.thenextbyte.com/</a><hr><h2 data-attrid="title" data-local-attribute="d3bn" data-ved="2ahUKEwiBhLnmu4aAAxVmwjgGHcDWC38Q3B0oAXoECEgQEQ" id="isPasted">Transcript</h2>Gosh, my neck, my back, they hurt so bad from my poor posture. If you're just like me, you're not alone, right? Poor posture is impacting millions of people around the world. And if your back hurts from poor posture, the way that Farbod and my back hurts from carrying the podcast game, you're going to want to check out this episode. Cause we're talking about a startup called StraightUp. That's making a wearable device to help you correct your posture over time.I'm Daniel, and I'm Farbod. And this is the NextByte Podcast. Every week, we explore interesting and impactful tech and engineering content from Wevolver.com and deliver it to you in bite sized episodes that are easy to understand, regardless of your background.&nbsp;Daniel:&nbsp;What's up folks? Like we said on today's podcast episode, we're talking all about back pain and neck pain, which is a widespread issue. And this basically fledgling startup of students from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, they made a startup called StraightUp. That's StraightUp gonna fix your back, StraightUp gonna fix your neck problems and make sure that you're StraightUp, standing StraightUp and sitting StraightUp all the time because I don't know, I think it's awesome the way that they've used technology in this sustainable user-friendly approach. I don't want to jump too fast into it. Maybe we talk a little bit more about the why first, but I think it's StraightUp interesting.Farbod: I StraightUp agree with you. And I think I'm very relevant to the why. They talk about how in the Western world, our sedentary life has led to us having a lot of back problems, a lot of neck problems. And then, a lot of people don't exercise a lot. So, I'm gonna call myself out from 8 a.m. today. It's almost 8 p.m. now. I have basically been slouched on the couch looking at a monitor. And even right now, like I had to straighten up as you started talking about the topic. My back has just kind of been hunched over. You know, I'm a youngish man right now. So, the effects have been somewhat minimal, but I feel like if I don't correct this, it's gonna catch up with me and I'm gonna feel the pain down the road. Now, Daniel over here, he's already ahead of the curve. This man is religious about his standing desk. So, he obviously has no idea what the rest of us in the Western world are talking about.Daniel:&nbsp;I know exactly what you're talking about. This is exactly why I stand up every day when I'm working at my desk, because I do have back pain. I do have neck pain from sitting on the couch or sitting in a chair and slouching. And my dad, like, had to have like really invasive back surgery and all this stuff. And he says a lot of it is probably because of his sedentary office environment, lack of movement during the day, poor posture, created a chronic issue in his back that could only be fixed by surgery. So, I'm trying to take some preventative measures along the way, but I still think there's a lot that I can do to improve my posture. And what's crazy is like a vast majority of back pain and back surgeries, chiropractor visits, et cetera. Doctors contribute a vast majority of those actually to just people's posture, right? Something that you do every single day, you know, 99 plus percent of the time, whenever you're sitting in a chair, staring at a screen or staring at your phone, that creates a lot of long-term impact on your body. And the traditional solutions for posture correcting either restrict your mobility. Right. They feel like you're like strapped into something or there's even like these new startups trying to think of one, I think it's called Upright. Which is crazy because this one's called StraightUp. So maybe they've got some beef already. But Upright is something that I've seen a lot of Instagram ads for. And it basically looks like about something about size of an AirPods case. And it hangs on a necklace on your back and it's supposed to like vibrate and let you know when you've bent over too far like you're slouching a little bit. But one of the challenges with that, and I've actually, no joke, like I'm not trying to just show StraightUp here. I've actually like looked into it and saw people on Reddit saying like, this thing's so freaking annoying. It vibrates like whenever I bend down to pick something up off the ground, I'm like, I'm not slouching. I'm just literally picking something up off the ground. So, traditional solutions either restrict your mobility, you're in a brace or they give inaccurate feedback during common most common movements. So, both of those, less effective than they could be. So, enter this team straight up, spin-off from Karlsruhe institutes at technology, I think it's three students.Farbod: Three students and a physiotherapist. Yeah.Daniel: And a physiotherapist from KIT, right? They're teaming up to try and tackle this problem with a more user-friendly approach. And this more user-friendly approach is correcting posture using haptic feedback. So, for those of you that don't know what haptic feedback is, that's like when you're typing on your phone and it vibrates a little bit, or you press a button on your phone and it vibrates a little bit, lets your body know with a physical response that the way it's interacting with something. So, in this case, the way you interact with this device is it does small vibrations, haptic feedback, to let you know when you have bad posture, to try and remind you, hey, it's time to maybe put your shoulder blades back a little bit and straighten out your neck. That gives you a little bit of a vibration as a reminder for that. It's not very restrictive like a brace. And essentially, it's this wearable that helps correct your posture. It measures your shoulder position, measures your back inclination, measures the position of your neck and tries to help encourage you to learn healthy posture. And that's one of the challenges, let's say with like a normal back brace right now to try and fix this. And Nellie even bought a posture corrector and had the same complaint, which is like, it feels like it's forcing my body to be in the right position rather than teaching it to be in the right position. So, the second you take it off, your body hasn't learned to make this its new natural home. You just go back to slouching like you were before, and it just feels kind of uncomfortable when you're wearing it. So instead of forcing your body to be in the right position, it's slowly teaching it and encouraging it with haptic feedback to maintain proper posture.Farbod: Yeah, and I mean, we can kind of start jumping into their solution, but they kind of got the best of both worlds figured out. On the material side, they chose this elastic metal alloy. So, as the name implies, it's made of metal, but it's elastic so it can conform to your body. So, it's not super rigid. Instead of having a, you know what you were talking about, I think Upright, I don't know how Upright technology works. I'm guessing that little necklace has some sort of sensor that says if you've been tilted this much, give it vibration. These folks over at StraightUp are using an AI, which I am guessing takes into account a bunch of different feedback from the harness to then say, yeah, this person's actually been crouching over their computer for an extended period of time versus, oh, they're just bending over to pick something up, or maybe they're playing a sport. And just being able to differentiate between what your body's doing in different conditions instead of a binary, oh, you're in a bad posture, or no, you're in a perfect posture.Daniel:&nbsp;Yeah, I think this is like the more nuanced next generation version of some of the things that we've seen before. Not to dog on Upright at all, right? It's a great idea. But this feels like almost like an extra twist on that, that uses these, they call them conductive super elastic metal alloys, which basically in my mind, my interpretation of this is they've got these metal wires that are weaved into the fabric of this harness that avoids all the bulkiness of having external components like an accelerometer or something like that. And what it does is it flexes with the user's movements and because it's super stretchy and because they also mentioned it's conductive, I’m imagining all they're doing is measuring the resistance of this wire and as the person changes position the resistance of the wire changes as it stretches or contracts with the body. And that allows them to gain a lot of insight on the body's position and then that allows them to you know use their AI process or whatever using the sensor data to distinguish between a normal forward bending motion versus harmful slouching. And then give the person direct haptic feedback. So, instead of locking your back into a rigid position, like a brace, what are giving you errant feedback, like some other solutions do, it tries to make sure that it knows exactly when you're holding bad posture, gives you a subtle vibration to try and train your body, say, oh, I actually have bad posture. I'm going to put my shoulders back. I'm going to straighten out my neck a little bit and it promotes you actively correcting your posture. Building better muscles to stabilize your shoulder blades in your spine and your neck as opposed to like forcing your body to do it or giving you too many notifications. So, you do it at the wrong time.Farbod: Yeah. And that in itself is already pretty promising. What I found to be even more impressive is that it looks like they're now working with the German Institute for Textile and Fiber Research. I'm guessing they're doing this to better understand how they can kind of merge this technology into a shirt or something that you would just wear. So, it's not like a separate device. And that is like, it just kind of plants the seed in my brain where I'm like, if you're able to extract that much information about posture, could you then make this a wearable that assist folks that are doing general physiotherapy and getting their movements in to heal from some sort of injury? Or for the average Joe on a day-to-day basis, could you use that to collect health data and provide, I don't know, more detailed feedback in terms of how your muscles are responding to different stimuli?Daniel:&nbsp;That's exactly where my brain went to man. Like Nellie and I are, we're in the pain cave right now for marathon training. Like we're in the thick of it. We're a couple of weeks out from the marathon race and we're dealing with some nagging injuries. And one of the things that they say potentially a lot of these injuries stem from is like poor form, poor running form, which is basically just your posture while you're running and then overuse of your muscles in that poor posture and I went exactly there too, man. I'm like, well, this is just focusing on posture of your neck and shoulders. What if there were other, I could put on a different type of harness or belt that looks at the posture of my hips and my glutes and my legs during my running, or look at the pronation of my feet, socks that look at the pronation of my feet during running and try and give me active reminders to correct my form and do it in a proper way. Also think about like lifting weights. People get hurt all the time lifting weights because they're doing it with the wrong form. They put on too much weight, they're trying to be strong, and then they do it the wrong way, and then bang, they injure the rotator cuff in their shoulder. Like there's a lot of other types of posture, not just the one that's when we're sedentary at our desk, that matters a lot to how our bodies perform and recover and interact with the world around us. I think that straight up starting with this, but they could absolutely apply this technology to other types of applications and get similar results.Farbod: Me too. It's crazy that you and I both went to the same spot given that I spend most of my time in a chair and you spent most of your time getting ready for a marathon. So, great minds think alike despite how lazy they might be.Daniel: I don't, I think I'm an equal amount of lazy. We're just, we're signed up for it. We're committed at this point, going to try and make it across the finish line. But I do want to mention, I think in terms of pros and cons. This wearable definitely could help lots and lots of people. I don't know from an adoption perspective; how many people are gonna be more willing to put this thing on. It looks a little bit more like a bra, like a harness than it does like a necklace. Feels a lot easier to try and convince someone like, oh, put on this necklace versus like put on this harness every single day. That being said, it does look like it's pretty sleek. Does look like it won't, you don't have to wear it over your clothes and it does look like it would be pretty form fitting. So, I think that that's interesting. I would be interested in how many, how many people of the millions of people suffering from posture related back pain would be willing to adopt this. But that goes to my pros, which is like, it seems like they've challenged, they overcome a lot of the challenges with AI based feedback system. Seems like they've overcome a lot of the challenges related to sustainability, right? Using haptic feedback and encouraging the person to use the right posture instead of forcing them to use the right posture. That feels like it's more sustainable. Having sensor accuracy in diverse environments, right? You want to get reminded to have correct posture when you're sitting. You maybe don't care too much if you're bending down to pick up the pencil off the ground. Like those, that's crucial in real world use. I would love to see how this compares with a competitor like Upright. And we've kind of alluded to it a couple of times, but these folks have created their own company called StraightUp. I think based on their website, I was on it earlier today, they're planning on launching in Kickstarter in 163 days. They've got a countdown, which is pretty cool. So, we'll definitely be following you, StraightUp team. And we'd love to see how this, how this tech solution continues to evolve and develop and hopefully make it to market and make a lot of impact. I say this on so many podcast episodes, but my biggest pet peeve about technology is when someone develops it and it could impact a lot of people and then it sits on a shelf and collects dust. This team from StraightUp is doing the exact opposite, right? They're taking their technology and sprinting to market as fast as they can, which is something that I really, really appreciate.Farbod:&nbsp;Yeah, and as a listener, if you're interested in something like this, make sure you check out their page, give them support as they launch. If you got feedback, it's a perfect time to just kind of get in on the ground floor and voice your opinions.Daniel: Yeah, I'm with you. And well, in addition to the article, which we, every single time, link in the show notes, we're gonna also link StraightUp's website so you can check it out and check out some of their content and watch the countdown till the Kickstarter launch, the way that I'm going to for the next 163 days and 11 hours and 53 minutes and five seconds.Farbod: If only it was before your marathon. Alas. All right, man, you wanna give us a quick wrap up?Daniel:&nbsp;Yes, I do. Do your neck and back hurt after hours of slouching at your desk, staring at your phone? If yes, like Farbod and me, you're not alone. Poor posture is pretty much our modern-day epidemic. Millions of people in the world struggle with their back and their neck pain that's caused specifically by poor posture, but a lot of the solutions out there, like braces actually just limit your mobility instead of training your body to do the right thing. So, what if your clothes or a slim wearable could silently train you to sit and stand correctly all day long? Enter the startup called StraightUp. They developed a slim wearable device that uses AI and sensors woven into the fabric to help correct your posture with the gentle vibrations, just training your body, teaching your body over time to move and to hold the right posture. I think of this as like the Garmin for exercise or the aura ring for sleep, but this is for posture I wonder if one day millions of people in the world will be using StraightUp to move the posture game forward in the future.Farbod:&nbsp;Money that was straight-up money.Daniel:&nbsp;Thanks, dawg.Farbod:&nbsp;Anytime. All right folks. Thank you so much for listening as always. We'll catch in the next one.Daniel:&nbsp;Peace.<hr id="isPasted">As always, you can find these and other interesting &amp; impactful engineering articles on Wevolver.com.To learn more about this show, please visit our<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/the.next.byte" target="_blank">&nbsp;shows page</a>. By following the page, you will get automatic updates by email when a new show is published. Be sure to give us a follow and review on<a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/nl/podcast/the-next-byte/id1548255861?l=en" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&nbsp;Apple</a> podcasts,<a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/6lPPsRtegnivsRUEsQ09R7?si=IPMiah7xT_apJtPjqvXMlA" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&nbsp;Spotify</a>, and most of your favorite podcast platforms!--The Next Byte: We're two engineers on a mission to simplify complex science &amp; technology, making it easy to understand. In each episode of our show, we dive into world-changing tech (such as AI, robotics, 3D printing, IoT, &amp; much more), all while keeping it entertaining &amp; engaging along the way.

In this episode, we explore an innovative and sustainable wearable device designed by researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology to improve posture and we discuss why AI isn’t just a novelty in this product but a core feature that sets it apart from the rest!

Podcast: You Don't Stand Straight But This AI Wearable Will Fix It

Sometimes a researcher goes into the lab and comes out with a discovery. Sometimes that discovery is issued a patent. Very rarely does the process also involve an undergraduate, a potential breakthrough for biomedical printing and cell therapy, and a little help from Bill Nye ’77 the Science Guy.As an ambitious sophomore, Jared Matthews ’21 was looking for a research project and he approached <a href="https://www.bme.cornell.edu/faculty-directory/lawrence-bonassar" target="_blank">Lawrence Bonassar</a>, the Daljit S. and Elaine Sarkaria Professor in Biomedical Engineering and in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering in Cornell Engineering. Together they created a smart sensor that attaches to the tip of a syringe to measure, in real time, the concentration and viability of the cells that pass through it – a device that would enable surgeons and biomanufacturers to produce higher quality implants of living tissue, even organs.“A lot of inventions come out of this university,” Bonassar said. “Not a lot of them involve undergraduates, and not a lot of them happened during COVID. Most of our peers didn’t even have undergraduates on campus in fall 2020. And here we have an undergraduate not only on campus, but working in a lab and inventing and patenting something that could be really impactful.”For two decades, Bonassar’s lab has been making bioprinting technology that combines cells with materials such as hydrogel ink to fabricate new <a href="https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2022/06/cornellian-founded-company-implants-3d-bioprinted-ear" target="_blank">living tissues and organs</a> that function better than inanimate implants. But in bringing this technology from the lab to the clinic, one persistent problem has remained.“One of the real challenges in manufacturing is the quality control,” Bonassar said. “If you’re going to print something that’s alive with cells in it, the first thing you need to know is how many cells are in it? And what fraction of them are alive?”Previous attempts to make those types of measurements with bioprinting have relied upon optical detectors, which measure the light reflected off cells as they are squeezed through a channel. However, such approaches require the concentration of cells to be low, greatly limiting the range of applications to which this idea is applicable and stymieing attempts to construct anything with a high cell density, such as organs. And it couldn’t be done in real time.‘A crazy idea’When Matthews arrived at Cornell as a freshman, he already had a field of interest – biomedical engineering – and a head start on research. During his senior year of high school in central Massachusetts, he’d worked for Washington University professor Farshid Guilak, analyzing computed tomography images of biological samples and building specialized lab apparatuses that combined CAD software and 3D printing.Upon being accepted to Cornell, Matthews visited campus in April 2017, and he made a bold move. He stopped by the office of Guilak’s close colleague, Larry Bonassar.“I was like, man, I should probably start to network a little bit. I thought I was being clever,” Matthews said. “It was early morning, and he happened to be in his office. We sat down and talked for an hour or two, which, you don’t know when you’re 18, but that’s a huge commitment for a professor. And I guess it was a sign of what was to come.”Two years later, as a sophomore mechanical engineering major, Matthews came back to Bonassar with a specific ask. Was there a research project Matthews could work on?What Bonassar had, in his own words, was “a crazy idea” that he’d been kicking around for a long time but hadn’t been able to investigate. While his lab had successfully demonstrated 3D printing living tissue with homogeneous materials for replacement ears and cartilage, the next step was doing that for more sophisticated, functional structures, i.e., organs and skin.The project had a greater scope than what an undergrad would traditionally tackle, but Matthews found the challenge compelling. That’s not to say it wasn’t a little daunting.&nbsp;“It was my first experience really reading a research paper,” Matthews said. “I didn’t know what I was reading. But I was like, you know, I’m gonna try it.”Developing a new method wouldn’t just be an academic exercise, he recognized, but a “very applied, practically useful device, with implications in industry for manufacturing tissue at scale.”&nbsp;Bonassar and Matthews brainstormed ideas and hit upon an alternate mode of sensing: dielectric impedance spectroscopy (DIS), whereby a pair of electrodes creates a current. Because cell membranes are not permeable to charge, the current would be forced to go around the cells as their internal ions became polarized. That combination of effects would create a unique impedance signature for each cell that could ultimately be measured to determine the number of cells and their size, intactness and density.It was a smart design, indeed. It just needed to be built. And tested. And studied.Because Matthews was deep in his undergraduate studies, he didn’t have much free time during the semester to get the project off the ground. So he applied for, and received, a grant from <a href="https://www.engineering.cornell.edu/eli" target="_blank">Engineering Learning Initiatives</a> to work in the lab through the summer of 2019.In addition to covering his living and research expenses, the grant carried some extra cachet. It came from a donation made by Bill Nye.&nbsp;As the 2019 Nye Fellow, Matthews had an opportunity to meet the “Science Guy” himself that summer and tell him a bit about the smart syringe and its potential impact.“He said, ‘Well, go on and <a href="https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2024/04/slide-rules-sundials-and-comedy-bill-nye-hails-scientific-solutions" target="_blank">change the world</a>.’ It left an impression on me, for sure,” Matthews said. “That was a great little introduction to my research work, to have a celebrity backing it.”&nbsp;<h2>‘Something kind of special’</h2>By the end of fall 2019, Matthews had constructed a protype, conducted the initial experiments and presented the work-in-progress to the Biomedical Engineering Society in Philadelphia. But the ensuing months would not go as smoothly. In March 2020, the pandemic hit, derailing all on-campus research and activities. So Matthews pivoted and focused on data analysis and reviewing the relevant literature to put his experimental results in context.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1726702480144-0918_syringe2.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">A smart sensor that attaches to the tip of a syringe can measure, in real time, the concentration and viability of the cells that pass through it – a potential breakthrough for biomedical 3D printing and cell therapy. Jason Koski/Cornell University“You don’t just get a yes or no answer from the device. It doesn’t just tell you if it worked or not. You get back waveforms, signal, there’s going to be noise, artifacts, and you have to interpret that in the context of the physical chemistry and the algorithms you used to process it,” Matthews said. “It was not a pure mechanical engineering problem. It pulled from so many different fields. You had to know, at some level of competency, control theory, and interface theory from chemistry, fluid dynamics. All these disciplines came together, and you had to be able to attend to them individually.”By the time Matthews was ready to graduate, in spring 2021, “we knew we had something kind of special,” Bonassar said. “That’s when we disclosed it to Cornell and filed the provisional patents.”Within three years of submitting their application, the patent was issued in June. By Bonassar’s count, this is his 25th patent. He’s never had one approved so quickly.“We’ve had patents that have taken us seven years to get through the process. For people in the know, two to three years from initial application to issue is quite fast,” he said. “What that often means is there isn’t much like it, and we didn’t get hit with, ‘Oh, it looks like seven other people have tried things like this, why is yours different?’ My impression is there’s really not much out there where people are doing assessment of cell properties at these really high concentrations.”In addition to capturing 2,000 different measurements in real time, the device creates a series of feedback loops that can help control the flow rate and temperature as cell viability changes. That in itself would be revolutionary for the bioprinting field, but the device has applications in other fields as well. Hospitals in developing countries could use it for getting instant blood counts on patients. Doctors could deliver precise infusions of cells, bone marrow and lipos for cell therapy, treating cancer or for regenerative medicine.“If we can measure it, then instead of saying, ‘Well, deliver 10 CCs of this solution that we think has a million cells per CC,’ you can now make a device that just delivers 10 million cells and then stops,” Bonassar said.Bonassar’s lab has collaborated with Dr. Jason Spector, professor of plastic surgery at Weill Cornell Medicine, to demonstrate how the smart syringe can assist in clinic samples.After Matthews graduated from Cornell, he headed to Georgia Tech, where he extended what he had learned from the smart syringe project into developing more next-generation medical devices, such as soft, wearable biosensors and remote telemedicine platforms for optimizing strength and metabolism, and cardiovascular monitoring. Even when the technology was different, the underlying skills were the same: problem solving, interpreting data, presenting findings to a skeptical audience.That research experience, in turn, led him to his current role working for GE HealthCare, developing large neural networks for optimizing patient care.&nbsp;Now, he and Bonassar are mulling their options to commercialize the smart syringe, although in many ways, it’s already been a success.“I wouldn’t be here, privileged to do what I do, without having worked on the smart syringe project, specifically with Larry,” Matthews said. “He grants a lot of autonomy, he trusts in his students, and that comes through to the student. Larry was always there as a fallback to help steer the project when it began to drift. I remember he said a design I had was ‘orthogonal,’ meaning it was perpendicular to the direction we should be going. I had never had anyone tell me that before. It was delivered so well, I wasn’t upset by it. It was like, OK, let’s try something different. It was sort of a humbling experience in that way.”The time he spent in Bonassar’s lab paid off in other ways, too. That was where, in the summer of 2019, he first met another undergraduate researcher, Emily Jiang ’20.&nbsp;She is now his fiancée.“That’s a little happy ending there,” Matthews said.

Lawrence Bonassar, the Daljit S. and Elaine Sarkaria Professor in Biomedical Engineering and in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, and doctoral student Alicia Matavosian examine a smart sensor developed with Jared Matthews ’21.

Researchers created a smart sensor that attaches to the tip of a syringe to measure, in real time, the concentration and viability of the cells that pass through it – a device that would enable surgeons and biomanufacturers to produce higher quality

From lab to patent: Undergrad creates smart syringe for bioprinting

In this episode, we explore the first healthcare device powered by body heat, made possible with liquid-based metals and discover how this innovative technology is paving the way for sustainable and energy-efficient medical devices, revolutionizing the future of healthcare.