This article explains practical DC motor speed control techniques for both brushed and BLDC systems, covering design principles, control methods, and engineering considerations behind reliable motor speed control.
A crystal oscillator is an electronic circuit that uses a quartz crystal to produce a precise and stable frequency reference. This article covers crystal operation, equivalent circuit models, resonance, load capacitance, oscillator topologies, stability, aging, and design practices.
Master the Bandgap Voltage Reference — understand the physics, compare popular topologies, explore real-world applications, and choose the right IC for your analog design. A practical guide for engineers.
As demand for RFID and NFC technologies accelerates, sustainable manufacturing methods like Dry Phase Patterning (DPP) and renewable materials are redefining how antennas are made- cutting waste, reducing costs, and enabling scalable, circular production.
This article explains how to charge a Lithium-Ion battery safely and efficiently by covering charge profiles, voltage thresholds, current ratings, temperature derating, fast-charging limits, storage practices, and common design mistakes.
A voltage reference is a precision circuit that delivers a stable output voltage independent of temperature, power supply, and load variations. This article covers key reference technologies, specifications, selection criteria, PCB design, and applications in ADCs, DACs, and calibration systems.
This article presents an end-to-end motor control design methodology covering mechanical sizing, power electronics, sensor selection, real-time control algorithms, EMC, and functional safety for engineers building motor drives.
Field-programmable gate arrays are reconfigurable integrated circuits engineered for parallel hardware acceleration. Learn how FPGA architecture works, how they're fabricated, and which FPGA chip families lead the industry.
Active high-pass filters remove unwanted low-frequency signals while preserving useful higher frequencies. This article covers first- and second-order filter design, Sallen-Key and multiple-feedback topologies, and practical applications in audio electronics, instrumentation, and signal processing.
Active low-pass filters use op-amps, resistors, and capacitors to pass low-frequency signals while attenuating higher frequencies. This article covers first-order and second-order filter design, Sallen-Key and MFB topologies, cutoff frequency, Q factor, and applications.
A bandpass filter is a circuit that allows a selected range of frequencies to pass while reducing low and high frequencies. This article covers the design of active bandpass filters using op-amps, resistors, and capacitors, including cutoff and center frequencies,, Sallen-Key and MFB topologies.