<p data-block-key="8joop" id="isPasted">Experiments from the Caltech lab of Chiara Daraio, G. Bradford Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Physics and Heritage Medical Research Institute Investigator, have yielded a fascinating new type of matter, neither granular nor crystalline, that responds to some stresses as a fluid would and to others like a solid. The new material, known as PAM (for polycatenated architected materials) could have uses in areas ranging from helmets and other protective gear to biomedical devices and robotics.</p><p data-block-key="8joop"><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Z-P7lfW-p-8?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe></span><strong><em>PAMs in Action.</em></strong><em>&nbsp;Credit: Wenjie Zhou and Peter Holderness/Caltech</em></p><p data-block-key="da4e2">PAMs are not found in nature, though their basic form is known to us through the millennia-old manufacture of chain mail: small metal rings linked together to form a mesh, most often used as a flexible form of armor. PAMs, however, are like chain mail on steroids. Following the basic principle of interlocking shapes, like those found in a chain, PAMs are made up of a variety of shapes linked together to form three-dimensional patterns whose configurations are almost unimaginably variable. The resulting materials, which Daraio and her colleagues have rendered using 3D printers, exhibit behaviors not found in other types of materials.</p><p data-block-key="e1jkt">Wenjie Zhou, postdoctoral scholar research associate in mechanical and civil engineering, has been working on these types of materials for two years in Daraio's lab. "I was a chemist, and I wanted to make these structures at a molecular scale, but that proved too challenging. In order to get answers to the questions I had about how these structures behave, I decided to join Chiara's group and study PAMs at a larger scale."</p><p data-block-key="9rlq7">The PAMs that Daraio's group created and studied were first modeled on a computer and were designed to replicate lattice structures found in crystalline substances but with the crystal's fixed particles replaced by entangled rings or cages with multiple sides.</p><p data-block-key="4aom6">These lattices were then printed out three-dimensionally using a variety of materials, including acrylic polymers, nylon, and metals. Once the PAMs could be held in the palm of one's hand—most of the prototypes are 5-centimeter (2-inch) cubes or spheres with a 5-centimeter diameter—they were exposed to various types of physical stress. "We started with compression," Zhou explains, "compressing the objects a bit harder each time. Then we tried a simple shear, a lateral force, like what you would apply if you were trying to tear the material apart. Finally, we did rheology tests, seeing how the materials responded to twisting, first slowly and then more quickly and strongly."</p><p data-block-key="7roqf">In some scenarios, these PAMs behaved like liquids. "Imagine applying a shear stress to water," Zhou says. "There would be zero resistance. Because PAMs have all these coordinated degrees of freedom, with the rings and cages they are composed of sliding against one another as the links of a chain would, many have very little shear resistance." But when these structures are compressed, they may become fully rigid, behaving like solids.</p><p data-block-key="al3f5">This dynamism makes PAMs unique. "PAMs are really a new type of matter," Daraio says. "We all have a clear distinction in mind when we think of solid materials and granular matter. Solid materials are often described as crystalline lattices. This is what you see in the classic ball-and-stick models of atomic, chemical, or larger crystalline structures. It is these materials that have formed our conventional understanding of solid matter. The other class of materials is granular, as we see in substances like rice, flour, or ground coffee. These materials are made up of discrete particles, free to move and slide relative to one another."</p><p data-block-key="24mkj">PAMs defy this binary classification. "With PAMs, the individual particles are linked as they are in crystalline structures, and yet, because these particles are free to move relative to one another, they flow, they slide on top of each other, and they change their relative positions, more like grains of sand," Daraio explains. "PAMs can be very different from one another. You can print them in squishy materials or hard ones. You can change the shape of each particle, and you can change the lattice that you use to connect these particles. Each of these parameters affects the behavior of the resulting material. But all of them show a characteristic transition between fluid and solid-like behavior. This transition may happen under different circumstances, but it always happens."</p><p data-block-key="66jp9">"Architected materials have been a significant subfield in material science and engineering for the past 20 to 30 years," Daraio says. "But as hybrids between granular materials and elastic deformable materials, PAMs are exciting and new. We have theories to describe granular matter and theories to describe elastic deformable matter, but nothing that captures these in-between materials. It's a fascinating frontier that promises to redefine what materials are and how they behave."</p><p data-block-key="d5b6t">At this point, potential uses for PAMs are largely speculative but nevertheless intriguing, Daraio says: "These materials have unique energy-absorption properties. Because each element can slide and rotate and reorganize relative to each other, they can dissipate energy very efficiently," making them better candidates for use in helmets or other forms of protective gear than the currently used foams. This property makes them similarly attractive for use in packaging or in any environment where cushioning or stabilization is required.</p><p data-block-key="afh36">Experiments with microscale PAMs have shown that they will expand or contract in response to applied electrical charges as well as physical forces, suggesting possible uses in biomedical devices or soft robotics.</p><p data-block-key="cbkb5">Co-author Liuchi Li (PhD '20), now assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering at Princeton University, is enthusiastic about the future of PAMs: "We can envision incorporating advanced artificial intelligence techniques to accelerate the exploration of this vast design space. We are only scratching the surface of what is possible."</p><p data-block-key="a42nd">This research is published in&nbsp;<em>Science</em> under the title&nbsp;<a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adr9713">"3D polycatenated architected materials."</a> Co-authors include Zhou, Daraio, Sujeeka Nadarajah, Hujie Yan (MS '24), Aashutosh K. Prachet, and Payal Patel of Caltech; Li of Princeton University; and Anna Guell Izard and Xiaoxing Xia (PhD '19) of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Computational resources were provided by the High-Performance Computing Center at Caltech, and the research was funded by the Army Research Office, the Gary Clinard Innovation Fund, LLNL, and the US Department of Energy.</p>

The new material, known as PAM (for polycatenated architected materials) could have uses in areas ranging from helmets and other protective gear to biomedical devices and robotics.

Reimagining Chain Mail: 3D Architected Materials That Adapt and Protect

<p data-immersive-translate-walked="d2b6cbd8-c8b0-437a-ba99-a2221eb89158" data-immersive-translate-paragraph="1">Hello everyone, let me introduce myself again. I am Unitree H1 "Fuxi".&nbsp;<br>您好Everatione，让我们介绍Mylall十。我是单独的H1“ fux”。</p><p data-immersive-translate-walked="d2b6cbd8-c8b0-437a-ba99-a2221eb89158" data-immersive-translate-paragraph="1">I am now a comedian at the Spring Festival Gala, hoping to bring joy to everyone.<br>我现在是春节晚会上的喜剧演员，希望为所有人带来欢乐。</p><p data-immersive-translate-walked="d2b6cbd8-c8b0-437a-ba99-a2221eb89158" data-immersive-translate-paragraph="1">&nbsp;Let’s push boundaries every day and shape the future together.<br>让我们每天推动界限，一起塑造未来。</p><p data-immersive-translate-walked="d2b6cbd8-c8b0-437a-ba99-a2221eb89158" data-immersive-translate-paragraph="1">A little surprise: the handkerchief can not only spin but can also be thrown out and automatically returned to its position.<br>有些惊喜：手帕不仅可以旋转，而且可以被扔掉并自动恢复其位置。</p><p><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1738077713927-%E5%BE%AE%E4%BF%A1%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87_20250128230337.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p>

Debut at the Spring Festival Gala

Unitree H1: Humanoid Robot Makes Its Debut at the Spring Festival Gala

<p>Unitree H1&nbsp;</p><p>Deep Reinforcement Learning</p><p>&nbsp;In-place Flipping Parameters:</p><p>&nbsp;Weight: about 50kg</p><p>&nbsp;Height: about 1.8m&nbsp;</p><p>Actuator: electric motor</p>

Deep Reinforcement Learning

Unitree H1

small boat deploying an ROV for marine research.

Discover the vital role of underwater positioning in marine science, and how remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are leading the way in location tracking. 

Case Study: Environmental Monitoring and Pipeline Inspections with GreatPacific Consulting Ltd.

In this episode, we explore how a snake-inspired robot developed by students from ETH Zurich aims to better leverage the power of robotics in search and rescue missions!

Podcast: Meet The Life-saving Snake Robot

Unitree G1 Bionic: Agile Upgrade

<p id="isPasted">In the market for a robot? A LiDAR sensor? Perhaps a Six Degree of Freedom manipulator?</p><p>You’ve come to the right place. InDro Robotics is pleased to announce its <a href="https://store.indrorobotics.com/" target="_blank">new online store</a> – your one-stop portal for high quality robotic components. Whether it’s a $2500 US <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/theres-a-new-robot-in-town-meet-limo/" target="_blank">LIMO</a> (an amazing tiny R&amp;D powerhouse) or a $80,000 <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/robosense-sets-new-bar-for-affordable-powerful-lidar-sensors/" target="_blank">Robosense LiDAR</a>, we’ve got you covered.</p><p>“We’re incredibly excited about this addition to our offerings,” says Head of R&amp;D Sales Luke Corbeth. “For clients who need a specific component and know what they want, this will streamline the process and get products into their hands more quickly.”</p><p>We’re not talking here about custom builds – something InDro has built a stellar reputation on. But precisely <em>because</em> we’ve done so many custom builds, we’ve been able to identify best-in-class components. And while the majority of our clients come to InDro so that we can do the integration for them, there are some who want to either perform that integration themselves, or simply add a sensor or compute upgrade to an existing robot.</p><p>“Through building all of these robots, we’ve had a front row seat into what works, what doesn’t work, what’s best – and what is most cost-effective,” adds Corbeth. “Over time, we’ve settled on a select few components we use in the vast majority of our builds. So the purpose of the store is that if you want a component that goes into an InDro Robotics build – up to a fully functional quadruped – you can simply order it online from us.”</p><p><em>Below: Manipulator? LiDAR? InDro’s new online store offers a broad but highly curated selection of quality robotics components</em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1737391378240-store-manipulators-LiDAR-Cameras.png.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></em><br></p><h3 id="isPasted">Simplifying The Client Journey</h3><p>Through scores of custom builds, including robots for some of the largest tech companies in the world, we’ve identified the most robust and cost-effective components. We’ve also learned that some clients with existing robots want to simply add a sensor or upgrade their compute.</p><p>For those clients who know specifically what they’re after, the online store streamlines the purchasing process. And if you’re unsure precisely which component would be optimal for your application? There are plenty of choices with LiDAR and compute, for example. No worries. Corbeth is still happy to walk you through the options and help you decide on the best choice for your application.</p><p>“In a lot of cases, people will have done their research and know precisely what they want. But, absolutely, I’m always available to have a discussion and ensure they’re choosing exactly what they need,” he says.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>This is not TEMU</h3><p>InDro has zero interest in selling clients something they don’t need, or a component that won’t get the job done. That’s why the offerings in our store have been carefully curated. These are the components our engineers work with every single day – and which go into the custom robots we integrate for clients. Each and every item available online is a product we have confidence in, and which has been proven in the field. Our online store includes multiple options in the following categories:</p><ul><li><strong>Components:&nbsp;</strong>Cameras, compute, LiDAR, mobile manipulators, wireless charging</li><li><strong>Robots:&nbsp;</strong>GO2 quadruped, LIMO Pro, LIMO</li><li><strong>Drones:&nbsp;</strong>Multiple offerings and add-ons from DJI</li></ul><p>But why not simply shop around and buy these somewhere else online? Sure, you could do that. However, you’d be missing out on the InDro after-sales support we are known for. If you have an issue with integrating a component purchased from InDro, Luke is just a phone call away. And, in the rare event he doesn’t have the answer, you have access to our brain trust of engineers at Area X.O to solve your problem. That’s not something you’ll get purchasing online from some faceless, distant distributor.</p><p>Plus, clients get access to InDro’s extensive documentation on these products and their integration.</p><p>“We’re going to share every resource that we use ourselves when building robots to help enable their development,” says Corbeth.</p><p>And, because InDro is an authorised distributor for every component we sell, you don’t run the very real risk of purchasing a grey market product – where manufacturers tend to not honour warranties.</p><p>Plus, there are some smaller items – like that tiny but powerful LIMO R&amp;D robot – where the client knows that’s exactly what they want. (We have one client who has purchased dozens of these robots.) In scenarios like that, there’s no question the online store will speed the process.</p><p>“These smaller ticket items don’t need to go through the same administrative process as our larger custom robots. They can be purchased on a procurement credit card, which completely bypasses the traditional procurement process,” says Corbeth.</p><p>“So, absolutely, this will be an easier way for people to do rapid transactions and get the hardware quickly.”</p><p><em>Below: Can we give you (or sell you) a hand?</em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1737391445264-Store-compute-grippers.png.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></em><br></p><h3 id="isPasted">InDro's Take&nbsp;</h3><p>We’re pretty excited about the new online store. The components we offer, whether it’s a Robosense LiDAR or a DJI drone, all come with the manufacturer’s warranty – along with InDro’s exhaustive documentation and legendary post-sales support.</p><p>“We’re confident the store will help clients get the quality components they need as quickly as possible,” says InDro Robotics Founder and CEO Philip Reece. “I wouldn’t call it the Amazon of robotics – at least not yet – but it will definitely simplify the purchasing process for those clients who know specifically what they want, and get those products in their hands more quickly.”</p><p>The look and feel of the store was conceived by Head of Marketing Carli Parkinson – who worked closely with Luke Corbeth and our engineering staff to select the absolute best range of robotic components (and even robots) for its inventory.</p><p>There’s already a robust selection online. But, of course, as newer specialised products become available and we integrate and test them in our own robots, they’ll be added to the lineup.</p><p>We encourage you to take a <a href="https://store.indrorobotics.com/" target="_blank">spin through the store now</a>. And, if you’re ready to purchase but have any questions, <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/connectwithanexpert/" target="_blank">contact us here.</a> Happy shopping!</p>

InDro Launches New Online Store

Robotics Components in a Click

<p id="isPasted">If you follow our news, you’re likely familiar with our Sentinel inspection robot. It’s been built specifically for monitoring critical assets like electrical substations etc. – places where you need regular eyes on assets without the cost and inconvenience of having a human being on site.</p><p>We are pleased to announce that InDro Robotics has perfected an outdoor enclosure that keeps Sentinel protected from harsh weather, while allowing for wireless recharging.</p><p>“If you imagine a robot in any sort of demanding outdoor environment to improve the longevity of the equipment, you want to keep it away from the elements as much as possible – which is why the enclosure exists,” explains Luke Corbeth, InDro’s Head of R&amp;D Sales.</p><p>“For any demanding outdoor application such as substation inspection, solar farm inspection, etcetera, you’re going to want to keep the robot out of the rain, away from the wind, out of direct heat. These elements are why the enclosure exists.”</p><p>And the best part? Sentinel can autonomously return to that enclosure to rest and recharge completely on its own. And that makes it perfect for even the most distant of assets. If there’s a cellular connection, Sentinel can be a totally remote employee.</p><p><em>Below: The new Sentinel enclosure, on site at our R&amp;D headquarters at Ottawa’s <a href="https://areaxo.com/" target="_blank">Area X.O</a></em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1736795134866-DSC02602-scaled.jpg.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="Sentinel's Enclosure"></em><br></p><h3 id="isPasted">January, February, March…</h3><p>And what comes next? April, of course. And the reason we’re going down this road is because Sentinel finds its roost using a code known as AprilTags. They’re similar to QR codes, but have been designed for 3D orientation. Sentinel’s enclosure uses AprilTags – which are detected by onboard cameras – for the robot to find its way home, and snug up nice and close to its wireless recharging system.</p><p>“The robot is trained to know exactly what these tags look like from every angle,” says Corbeth. “And by looking at these tags, it’s able to determine: ‘Oh, I’m a little bit off in this direction, so I need to make this adjustment.’ That ensures that we have a smooth and reliable docking and undocking sequence every single time the robot goes in and out of the enclosure.”</p><p>There’s a slightly inclined ramp for Sentinel to access this tiny recharging home. And the floor is deliberately a bit slippery in order for Sentinel to fine-tune its docking procedure by, for lack of a better word, drifting inside the enclosure to get its bearings.. And the charging system? Amazing.</p><p>The Wibotics charger is incredibly efficient. One hour of wireless charging is enough for Sentinel to fully recharge and deploy on a five-hour mission. Let’s repeat that: One hour of wireless charging gives Sentinel <em>five hours</em> on the ground.</p><p>The other advantage is that, because it’s wireless, there are no mechanical interfaces. These can be a potential point of failure, which is the last thing you’d want on a remote, autonomous installation. The whole point of these installations is for a robot to take care of things on its own.</p><p>“Anytime you have a mechanical interface, there are usually prongs involved. These can get bent or damaged – which is the last thing you’d want on a remote installation. So wireless charging completely eliminates that potential point of failure,” says Corbeth.</p><p><em>Below: Sentinel in its enclosure. You can see one of the AprilTags, which are used for&nbsp;</em><em>Sentinel to perfectly align with the Wibotics charger</em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1736795187456-DSC02609-scaled.jpg.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></em><br></p><h3 id="isPasted">Real World Demo</h3><p>Sentinel has been through multiple iterations as platforms, sensors and &nbsp;compute improve. The newest version uses a wheeled platform (though a separate version with treads is available). Compute is a powerful AI-enabled processor capable of many Trillions of Operations per Second (TOPS). And because we deploy with InDro Controller, our in-house user interface, Sentinel can be easily programmed to repeat highly complex tasks.</p><p>Say, for example, you are particularly interested in the reading on a gauge. The first time you deploy Sentinel using InDro Controller, you would manually adjust the Pan-Tilt-Zoom camera to capture an image of that asset. But once you’ve done it once? InDro Controller remembers the settings – so you can deploy Sentinel on an autonomous mission and it will remember all parameters. It will capture the same image, on its own, during any subsequent deployment. This applies to any sensor, capturing any data.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>Hydro Ottawa &nbsp;Demo</h3><p>Recently, InDro got in touch with Hydro Ottawa. We were looking to deploy Sentinel in a real-world situation, and Hydro Ottawa has an electrical substation in the city. We were interested in testing Sentinel in that scenario, and Hydro Ottawa was interested in seeing what Sentinel could do.</p><p>We deployed over the Rogers 5G network, using <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/new-indro-controller-a-simple-solution-to-complex-robotics-missions/" target="_blank">InDro Controller</a> to quickly plot its route and some specific Points of Interest (which did indeed include a gauge). Then we let Sentinel go about its business completely on its own with an autonomous mission.</p><p>The result? Phenomenal. Sentinel captured all the salient data, demonstrating its immense capabilities as a ‘set and forget’ robot. Now that the data is in InDro Controller, Sentinel can carry out the same mission on a schedule with zero human intervention. Data will be automatically uploaded – and Sentinel is even capable of sending alerts if, say, that gauge was sending a reading of concern.</p><p>“We were able to plot a full preventative maintenance mission – and then run it autonomously several times within a two-hour window,” says Corbeth.</p><p>What’s more? It was freezing cold, putting Sentinel to the test in a harsh environment. This is what this robot was built to carry out – and can operate in environments from -20C to +30C.</p><p>And the Hydro Ottawa people?</p><p>“They were blown away,” says Corbeth. “They even told me: ‘Luke, your team should be very proud.'”</p><p>We are.</p><p><em>Below: Sentinel at a Hydro Ottawa substation</em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1736795227848-DSC02754-scaled.jpg.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="Sentinel at Hydro Ottawa Substation"></em></p><h3 id="isPasted">INDRO’S TAKE</h3><p>Sentinel has been an ongoing project for InDro for several years. We have continually upgraded the product as newer sensors and AI compute capabilities have become available. In conjunction with InDro Controller, this is now a fully commercial product. In fact, we recently shipped three of these to a US client and look forward to reporting on this when they are first deployed (which is happening shortly).</p><p>“Sentinel is one of our core products,” says InDro Robotics Founder and CEO Philip Reece. “Our team, both at Area X.O and InDro Forge, have worked very hard on the design and integration of this product. And InDro Controller, under the hands of Head of Software RJ Bundy, is an extremely intuitive and powerful user interface. We look forward to manufacturing many more Sentinels in 2025.”</p><p>Oh. We almost forgot to tell you that Sentinel is available as a quadruped, so it can tackle stairs and more demanding environments. So cool.&nbsp;</p><p>Interested in learning more – including a remote demo where you can take control of Sentinel? Contact us <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/connectwithanexpert/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">here</a>.</p>

An outdoor enclosure that keeps Sentinel protected from harsh weather, while allowing for wireless recharging.

Wireless Charging Enclosure for Remote Operations

Explore 2D sonar mosaic mapping with Deep Trekker ROVs to create detailed underwater views for inspecting dams, canals, and tunnels in low-visibility waters.

2D Sonar Mosaic Mapping: All You Need to Know

In this episode, we recap our favorite episodes from 2024!

2024 Recap & 2nd Annual Saucies!

<p><span dir="auto" id="isPasted">We’ve adapted motion capture data for Unitree H1, H1-2, and G1 humanoid robots, using numerical optimization methods to make their movement trajectories more natural.&nbsp;</span></p><p><span dir="auto">Open-Source：</span><span dir="auto"><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqbnp6ZlVPN3FwdWRUQ0JISVV0emRpYlBfbkRpQXxBQ3Jtc0tuUEJPbGJ6d3pQUEFOUDJmRVMwcjdXNXZTbnp2TGIzbGhwcUlGcVdrOXBYS0JpMHU1R2RkVVJBS1dBcGVpZU9BXzJpd3N5OTEtSzcxSjh0MEdHZkZaa25fTENDMWMwaVNqNVJrRm9fX0xEdFRBeDFxOA&q=https%3A%2F%2Fhuggingface.co%2Fdatasets%2Funitreerobotics%2FLAFAN1_Retargeting_Dataset&v=SdZoEke0GPk" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://huggingface.co/datasets/unitr...</a></span></p>

We’ve adapted motion capture data for Unitree H1, H1-2, and G1 humanoid robots, using numerical optimization methods to make their movement trajectories more natural.

Unitree Humanoid Robots Updated With Open-Source Full-Body Motion Dataset

<p id="isPasted">Traditional operating rooms are evolving into precision hubs filled with innovation where augmented intelligence and real-time imaging technology are essential components in surgical care. This move toward robotics in healthcare is critical to the pursuit of surgical excellence that will enhance a surgeon’s skills as well as improve patient outcomes.</p><p>Using advanced technologies, surgeons are successfully overcoming the limitations of the human hand and eye. Augmented intelligence is building on a layer of decision-making support that complements a surgeon’s expertise, and real-time imaging is making sure that augmented reality is continually updated with vital information. These advances are setting the stage for a future where surgical intervention is reliable, complications are reduced, and recovery times are shortened. A new age of healthcare is upon us.</p><p>Big trends like this come to light each year at the Robotics Summit in Boston. The show helps the industry prepare for the next phase in robotics. At this year’s show, taking place May 1 and 2,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.roboticssummit.com/" target="_blank" data-internal="false" rel="noopener">healthcare robotics</a> will be trending, and this time, with a focus on revolutionizing surgery.</p><p>Dustin Vaughan of Asensus Surgical will be leading a session, “Leveraging Real-Time Data Insights in the Operating Room<em>,</em>”<em>&nbsp;</em>weighing in on technology integration, surgical applications, data and privacy, and cost and accessibility. The Asensus next-generation digital surgery platform, LUNA, is designed to elevate the standards of robotic-assisted surgery. It incorporates advanced hardware and software, and features a surgeon console, interactive touchscreen, and Ultra-HD 3D monitor for enhanced visibility. With four robotic arms for various procedures and a unique instrument drive for a range of advanced tools, it’s a leading example of the industry’s cutting-edge developments.</p><p>The LUNA platform represents just a slice of the broader movement toward integrating sophisticated robotic systems into healthcare. As the Robotics Summit is sure to show, this shift is not just about augmenting the capabilities of surgeons but fundamentally transforming patient care.</p><h2 id="isPasted">Performance-Guided Surgery</h2><p>Across the many Robotics Summit sessions devoted to healthcare robotics, there will be a recurring focus on performance-guided surgery (PGS), which has been a major advancement in robotic-assisted surgeries. The fundamental purpose of PSG is to provide real-time intelligence during surgeries and promote consistency.</p><p>At the core of this innovation is the Intelligent Surgical Unit<sup>™</sup> (ISU<sup>™</sup>) and the digital powerhouse of the Senhance<sup>®</sup> Surgical System, the first augmented intelligence system to receive FDA approval for surgical use. The ISU<sup>™</sup> enriches the surgical experience with its advanced features like haptic feedback, which provides surgeons the ability to “feel” the anatomy through the robot as if they were directly touching it, eye-tracking camera control that moves the camera based on the surgeon's gaze, and 3D visualization for a comprehensive view of the surgical field. These tools are crucial for addressing the inherently variable nature of surgical procedures, aiming for consistently superior patient outcomes every time.</p><p>The ISU's augmented intelligence capability enhances intraoperative procedures with 3D digital measurements of anatomical structures to millimeter precision, facilitating accurate straight-line and curved measurements. It also generates digital tags that act as both landmarks and educational tools, improving communication in the operating room and reducing the risk of accidental injuries.</p><p>The potential of PGS relies significantly on the seamless integration of robotics engineering and medicine. Achieving this ensures that existing technologies and hospital information stems work harmoniously with the new robotic platforms and do not disrupt surgical workflow. Even with this great potential, though, comes the question of accessibility.</p><h2>Surgical Robots for All?</h2><p>A focus on cost and accessibility has become a rising concern across the medical robotics industry. Healthcare providers want to offer these advanced medical services, but they must manage budget constraints. Many medical robotics companies are working to address these challenges by deploying several strategies such as modular design, leasing models, scaled-down models, and focusing on reduced operating times.</p><p>Leaders in this space, such as Vaughan, emphasize the greater good as an overall goal. Vaughan recognizes how the focus on “enabling clinicians to make surgery more predictable and accessible” speaks volumes about the industry's direction. But to serve the greater good, these robotic systems need to be available to all. The challenges and solutions to making this a reality will also be discussed throughout the healthcare robotics sessions in Boston.</p><p>For Asensus Surgical, one of the most fundamental aspects of their vision involves making this revolutionary technology accessible. “Achieving genuinely aggressive cost targets... is absolutely a core requirement,” Vaughan explains. “Our internal engineering team and our manufacturing partner, Flex, have focused on developing a capable LUNA platform that is economically viable as we navigate the changing healthcare landscape. With the migration of some of our supported procedures into ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs), we realized early in the process that we have to achieve an aggressive cost target for individual surgical cases. This requires a holistic evaluation of a hospital's workflow and their fully burdened cost of a robotic case.”</p><p>This emphasis on cost-effectiveness and accessibility could democratize robotic surgery, making it available to a wider range of healthcare facilities, including those with tighter budgets.</p><h2>Conclusion</h2><p>As we look toward the Robotics Summit and beyond, we see that technology and healthcare are at an exciting point. With many companies on this mission to make robotics and augmented intelligence a staple of the operating room, the future of surgery is about creating a more predictable, accessible, and secure healthcare landscape for everyone.</p>

The evolution of traditional operating rooms into precision hubs with augmented intelligence and real-time imaging at the forefront is showcased at the Robotics Summit, highlighting innovations like Asensus Surgical's LUNA platform that enhance surgical precision and patient outcomes.

Intelligent Robots Are the Future of Surgery

<section id="isPasted"><h2>What Are Hull Inspections</h2><p>In the vast expanse of the ocean, where container ships traverse like modern-day superhighways, ensuring uninterrupted global trade relies significantly on the integrity of vessel hulls. The term "hull" encompasses the outer shell of a ship, subjected to constant interaction with water. Hull inspections entail meticulous examinations of this crucial component, vital for maintaining the vessel's structural soundness, operational safety, and efficiency. Whether exposed or covered with a deck, the hull plays a crucial role in the ship's framework, serving as the primary barrier against leaks.</p><p>Given the extensive expanse of ship hulls and their constant interaction with water, routine hull inspections are critically important. These inspections are essential due to the diverse range of interconnected elements, scenarios, and possible defects, and are instrumental in optimizing vessel performance.</p></section><section><h2>Significance of Hull Inspections</h2><p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://images.ctfassets.net/kzewhs8e6cvu/3YwWuh97P77FJqavh93bXh/2d6802d2691a3e3d77474768018ed118/image6__3_.jpg" alt="DTG3 Ship Inspection -cta" class="fr-fic fr-dii"></p><p>Hull inspections are crucial for safeguarding maritime safety and operational integrity. By meticulously examining a ship's outer structure, these inspections identify and mitigate vulnerabilities such as corrosion, fractures, and material degradation. This preventive approach not only averts potential leaks and structural failures but also enhances the safety of crew members, passengers, and the marine environment.</p><p>Furthermore, adherence to regulatory standards, enhanced operational efficiency, and prolonged vessel lifespan reinforce the multifaceted importance of regular hull assessments in sustaining a reliable and environmentally responsible maritime industry.</p></section><section><h3>Defect Identification and Structural Integrity</h3><p>The hull acts as the first line of defense against water intrusion. From superficial scrapes to critical fractures, these assessments uncover various anomalies that could compromise the vessel's integrity. By detecting and addressing issues promptly, such as leaks, corrosion, or material weakening, inspectors mitigate the risk of escalating structural concerns that could jeopardize maritime safety and operational efficiency.</p><h3>Port Security</h3><p>Beyond structural considerations, hull inspections play a pivotal role in fortifying port security and mitigating potential risks. By scrutinizing the ship's exterior for anomalies, unauthorized alterations, or suspicious items, inspectors uphold security protocols and regulatory compliance. This proactive approach not only safeguards ports and coastal regions from potential threats but also emphasizes the importance of maintaining safety standards and preventing hazardous substances from infiltrating waterways.</p><h3>Mitigating Ecological Impact</h3><p>Fouling, the accumulation of marine organisms on a vessel's hull, poses ecological risks, including the introduction of invasive species and ecosystem disturbances. Regular hull inspections and maintenance endeavors are instrumental in mitigating this issue, preserving marine ecosystems, and curbing the proliferation of harmful species. Through proactive measures, such as antifouling paint assessments, operators can minimize ecological impact, uphold operational efficiency, and adhere to environmental stewardship principles.</p></section><section><h3>Checking Antifouling Paint</h3><p>Antifouling paint is applied to a ship's hull to prevent the buildup of marine organisms, such as barnacles, mussels, and algae, which can significantly impact the vessel's performance. Regular inspections ensure that the antifouling paint remains effective, preventing excessive fouling that can increase drag, reduce fuel efficiency by up to 40%, and compromise the ship's maneuverability.</p><p>By examining the condition of the antifouling paint during hull inspections, ship operators can identify any degradation or growth of organisms and take timely measures to maintain optimal performance, reduce operational costs, and minimize the ecological impact on marine ecosystems.</p></section><section><h2>Challenges Involved in Traditional Hull Inspection Methods</h2><p>Traditional hull inspection methods present several notable challenges. These methods are often costly and time-consuming, involving manual inspections by divers or technicians, leading to extended downtime for vessels.</p><p>Additionally, human error, limited accessibility to certain areas, and inconsistent data collection and analysis further compound the drawbacks. The costs associated with labor, equipment, and potential repairs are substantial. To address these issues, there's a growing interest in adopting advanced technologies, such as ROVs, for more efficient and comprehensive hull inspections.</p><h3>Time intensive procedures</h3><p>Conventional hull inspections demand considerable time investments. Manual assessments, involving diver or technician intervention, extend the inspection timeline, particularly for larger vessels. Factors such as scheduling diver availability, coordinating with surveyors, and obtaining necessary permits contribute to prolonged downtime for ships, disrupting operational schedules.</p><h3>Deployment Logistics</h3><p>Preparing for and deploying inspection teams, equipment, and tools can also be time-consuming. This includes assembling diving gear, positioning boats, and coordinating personnel, and it’s also important to note that ships must be disabled before working. Delays in deployment can further contribute to the overall time required for inspections.</p><h3>Limited Underwater Visibility</h3><p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://images.ctfassets.net/kzewhs8e6cvu/77NtYl6EqyShtw7MEDOMqn/8e5393a946440f848bd83c1f48182854/ROV_Looking_at_Phone.jpg" alt="DTG3 underwater murky waters" class="fr-fic fr-dii"></p><p>Underwater visibility limitations present significant hurdles to accurate hull assessments. Murky water, sedimentation, and inadequate lighting obscure defect detection, potentially resulting in oversight or misinterpretation of critical issues.</p><p>Compass navigation can also be difficult in harsh conditions, presenting a challenge to divers and increasing the potential risks involved. Photos and conditions are noted manually, as well, which can be dependent on the weather and prone to human error.</p><h3>Safety Concerns</h3><p>Hull inspections come with inherent safety risks, especially when conducted by divers taking on tasks in complex environments. Divers may encounter low visibility, extreme temperatures, strong currents that can make maneuvering difficult and increase the chances of collision with objects or vessels, electrical hazards from equipment, and other dangerous or unpredictable conditions.</p><p>There is also the potential for accidents, injuries, or health risks associated with prolonged exposure to underwater environments, such as decompression sickness and exposure to dangerous marine life.</p></section><section><h2>Enhancing Hull Inspections with ROVs</h2><p>ROVs are revolutionizing the field of hull inspection by offering a transformative approach to assessing the condition of a ship's exterior. These advanced underwater robots are equipped with high definition cameras, sensors, and manipulation tools, allowing them to navigate intricate spaces and gather accurate data without the need for direct human intervention. The integration of ROVs in hull inspections streamlines operations, enhances safety, and facilitates data-driven decision-making, paving the way for a more efficient and sustainable maritime industry.</p><h3>Target Identification With Sonar</h3><p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://images.ctfassets.net/kzewhs8e6cvu/6kjHANIlfEIo4qbGs7LdjK/b80d503170f1d68fa42d0c1fe46db5fc/MP1.png" alt="Advanced Data Capture" class="fr-fic fr-dii"></p><p>By harnessing sonar capabilities, ROVs empower maritime professionals to navigate complex underwater environments, ensuring comprehensive and accurate data collection during hull inspections. This integration of ROVs with sonar technology can provide a clear perspective in murky, or low visibility conditions, visualize a ship or object from a distance, identify structural areas of interest, and can swiftly and precisely locate potential anomalies, such as cracks or corrosion, even in challenging underwater conditions.</p><p>This advancement enhances the accuracy and efficiency of inspections by providing detailed real-time imagery and data, enabling maritime experts to make informed decisions about maintenance and repairs. The synergy of ROVs and sonar technology can expedite inspections, minimize downtime, and ultimately contribute to safer, more efficient, and cost-effective maritime operations.</p><h3>Mitigating Risks for Divers</h3><p>One of the greatest advantages of utilizing ROVs for hull inspections is the ability to minimize risks to human personnel. The integration of ROVs eliminates the necessity for divers to engage in perilous tasks like deep diving, operating in low visibility, unsafe surroundings, or enduring extreme temperatures. These underwater robots can access challenging or hazardous areas unsuitable for human divers, consequently diminishing the likelihood of accidents and injuries.</p><p>ROVs also enable real-time monitoring of divers from topside supervisors, meticulous inspections, and data gathering, facilitating precise risk evaluations and well-informed decision-making. Collectively, the incorporation of ROVs into diving operations offers significant promise in enhancing dive safety and safeguarding the welfare of divers.</p></section><section><h3>Cost and Time Efficiency</h3><p>By replacing the need for manual, diver-based inspections, ROVs significantly reduce labor costs and operational expenses, don’t require extensive permits and paperwork, and can be deployed in a matter of minutes by a single operator. These underwater robots can also swiftly maneuver through complex structures, access hard-to-reach areas with ease, and conduct inspections in a fraction of the time it would take human divers.</p><p>The real-time data capture capabilities of ROVs also accelerates the inspection process, enabling timely identification of potential issues. As a result, the integration of ROVs in hull inspection not only enhances accuracy and thoroughness but also delivers substantial savings in both time and resources, ultimately optimizing the overall efficiency of maritime maintenance practices.</p><h3>Recording Capabilities</h3><p>Equipped with high-definition cameras and sensors, ROVs facilitate detailed data capture and documentation during hull inspections. Recorded imagery and sensor data serve as comprehensive records, aiding in defect identification and tracking changes over time. This digital record enhances transparency, supports informed decision-making, and fosters effective communication among stakeholders, amplifying the precision and reliability of hull inspection processes.</p></section><section><h2>Hull Inspection Using Deep Trekker ROVs</h2><p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://images.ctfassets.net/kzewhs8e6cvu/4M0wQHlOHc0cx0eZllaYxZ/750e73f43ff09cfed1ac8a7b05e02841/deep_trekker_family_of_rovs.webp" alt="Family photo group glamour shot full res" class="fr-fic fr-dii"></p><p>Deep Trekker leads the industry with innovative solutions designed to prioritize safety, efficiency, and customer satisfaction in hull inspections for the defense and security sector. Our ROVs are at the forefront of underwater inspection technology, offering portability, ease of operation, and affordability. Equipped with state-of-the-art features including 4K cameras and powerful LED floodlights, our ROVs redefine the standards for hull inspections, ensuring comprehensive assessments with unmatched precision and efficiency. Our commitment to excellence is reflected in every aspect of our products and services, guaranteeing unparalleled reliability and performance</p><p>Take a look at a couple of our robotic systems for hull inspections in the defense and security industry:</p><h3>REVOLUTION ROV</h3><p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://downloads.ctfassets.net/kzewhs8e6cvu/4H4NjDluiIL0HzoHj9U7RF/0aaf965ab8e7fe2b67793651ffd272ac/REV_Standalone.png" alt="REVOLUTION at Pier" class="fr-fic fr-dii"></p><p>The <a href="https://www.deeptrekker.com/products/underwater-rov/deep-trekker-revolution" target="_blank" rel="noopener">REVOLUTION</a> stands out as an exceptionally user-friendly and stable ROV for intricate underwater missions, powered by field-swappable lithium-ion batteries for extended portable usage. Driven by six powerful vectored thrusters, it offers unparalleled control and precise station holding capabilities. Additionally, it boasts an enhanced 4K camera for identifying smaller defects, featuring an expansive 260° field of view, a depth rating of 305 meters (1000 feet), and exceptionally bright LED floodlights.</p><p>With tether options up to 500 meters (1,640 feet), the REVOLUTION ensures extensive operational range. It also harnesses the power of BRIDGE technology and effortlessly integrates with an extensive range of add-ons and sensors, including sonar and visualization systems for up-close inspections in murky conditions, stability and positioning systems, thickness gauge integration for structural inspections, and many more industry-specific tools, guaranteeing seamless mission execution.</p><h3>Expert Guidance for Your Projects</h3><p>Our team of seasoned industry professionals stands ready to offer <a href="https://www.deeptrekker.com/contact-us" target="_blank" rel="noopener">expert guidance and support</a> to seamlessly integrate Deep Trekker ROVs into your projects. From initial consultation to customized solutions tailored to your specific requirements, we are dedicated to ensuring the success of your underwater inspection endeavors. Contact us today to embark on your journey with Deep Trekker.</p></section>

Ship hull with biofouling during an inspection with a Deep Trekker ROV

Discover how ROVs revolutionize defense and security missions, ensuring vessel hull safety and integrity. Explore cutting-edge robotic technology.

ROVs for Defense and Security Hull Inspection

<p><span dir="auto" id="isPasted"><span dir="auto">The humanoid robot driven by the robot AI world model unlocks many new skills!&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><span dir="auto"><span dir="auto">Strong power is waiting for you to develop!</span></span></p><p><span dir="auto"><span dir="auto">Breaking the full-size humanoid speed world record of 3.3m/s (the previous record was about 2.5m/s) Full body dynamic coordinated dance: Subject3&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><span dir="auto"><span dir="auto">Touch the height in place etc.&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><span dir="auto"><span dir="auto">More introduction: www.unitree.com/h1</span></span></p><p><br></p><h2><br></h2>

[full-size humanoid] Evolution V3.0

Unitree H1 Breaking humanoid robot speed world record

<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">If someone advises you to “know your limits,” they’re likely suggesting you do things like exercise in moderation. To a robot, though, the motto represents learning constraints, or limitations of a specific task within the machine’s environment, to do chores safely and correctly.</p><p dir="ltr">For instance, imagine asking a robot to clean your kitchen when it doesn’t understand the physics of its surroundings. How can the machine generate a practical multistep plan to ensure the room is spotless? Large language models (LLMs) can get them close, but if the model is only trained on text, it’s likely to miss out on key specifics about the robot’s physical constraints, like how far it can reach or whether there are nearby obstacles to avoid. Stick to LLMs alone, and you’re likely to end up cleaning pasta stains out of your floorboards.</p><p dir="ltr">To guide robots in executing these open-ended tasks, researchers at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) used vision models to see what’s near the machine and model its constraints. The team’s strategy involves an LLM sketching up a plan that’s checked in a simulator to ensure it’s safe and realistic. If that sequence of actions is infeasible, the language model will generate a new plan, until it arrives at one that the robot can execute.</p><p dir="ltr">This trial-and-error method, which the researchers call “Planning for Robots via Code for Continuous Constraint Satisfaction” (PRoC3S), tests long-horizon plans to ensure they satisfy all constraints, and enables a robot to perform such diverse tasks as writing individual letters, drawing a star, and sorting and placing blocks in different positions. In the future, PRoC3S could help robots complete more intricate chores in dynamic environments like houses, where they may be prompted to do a general chore composed of many steps (like “make me breakfast”).</p><p dir="ltr">“LLMs and classical robotics systems like task and motion planners can’t execute these kinds of tasks on their own, but together, their synergy makes open-ended problem-solving possible,” says PhD student Nishanth Kumar SM ’24, co-lead author of a new paper about PRoC3S. “We’re creating a simulation on-the-fly of what’s around the robot and trying out many possible action plans. Vision models help us create a very realistic digital world that enables the robot to reason about feasible actions for each step of a long-horizon plan.”</p><p dir="ltr">The team’s work was presented this past month in a paper shown at the Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL) in Munich, Germany.</p><p dir="ltr"><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/hBq0EeFSsPo?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe></span><em>Teaching a robot its limits for open-ended chores. MIT CSAIL</em></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The researchers’ method uses an LLM pre-trained on text from across the internet. Before asking PRoC3S to do a task, the team provided their language model with a sample task (like drawing a square) that’s related to the target one (drawing a star). The sample task includes a description of the activity, a long-horizon plan, and relevant details about the robot’s environment.</p><p dir="ltr">But how did these plans fare in practice? In simulations, PRoC3S successfully drew stars and letters eight out of 10 times each. It also could stack digital blocks in pyramids and lines, and place items with accuracy, like fruits on a plate. Across each of these digital demos, the CSAIL method completed the requested task more consistently than comparable approaches like <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.11552">“LLM3”</a> and&nbsp;<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.07753">“Code as Policies”</a>.<br><br>The CSAIL engineers next brought their approach to the real world. Their method developed and executed plans on a robotic arm, teaching it to put blocks in straight lines. PRoC3S also enabled the machine to place blue and red blocks into matching bowls and move all objects near the center of a table.</p><p dir="ltr">Kumar and co-lead author Aidan Curtis SM ’23, who’s also a PhD student working in CSAIL, say these findings indicate how an LLM can develop safer plans that humans can trust to work in practice. The researchers envision a home robot that can be given a more general request (like “bring me some chips”) and reliably figure out the specific steps needed to execute it. PRoC3S could help a robot test out plans in an identical digital environment to find a working course of action — and more importantly, bring you a tasty snack.</p><p dir="ltr">For future work, the researchers aim to improve results using a more advanced physics simulator and to expand to more elaborate longer-horizon tasks via more scalable data-search techniques. Moreover, they plan to apply PRoC3S to mobile robots such as a quadruped for tasks that include walking and scanning surroundings.</p><p dir="ltr">“Using foundation models like ChatGPT to control robot actions can lead to unsafe or incorrect behaviors due to hallucinations,” says The AI Institute researcher Eric Rosen, who isn’t involved in the research. “PRoC3S tackles this issue by leveraging foundation models for high-level task guidance, while employing AI techniques that explicitly reason about the world to ensure verifiably safe and correct actions. This combination of planning-based and data-driven approaches may be key to developing robots capable of understanding and reliably performing a broader range of tasks than currently possible.”</p><p dir="ltr">Kumar and Curtis’ co-authors are also CSAIL affiliates: MIT undergraduate researcher Jing Cao and MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science professors Leslie Pack Kaelbling and Tomás Lozano-Pérez. Their work was supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the Office of Naval Research, the Army Research Office, MIT Quest for Intelligence, and The AI Institute.</p>

PhD students Aidan Curtis (left) and Nishanth Kumar. To help robots execute open-ended tasks safely, the researchers used vision models to see what’s near the machine and model its constraints. Their “PRoC3S” strategy has an LLM sketch up an action plan that’s checked in a simulator to ensure it will work in the real world. Credits: Mike Grimmett/MIT CSAIL

The “PRoC3S” method helps an LLM create a viable action plan by testing each step in a simulation. This strategy could eventually aid in-home robots to complete more ambiguous chore requests.

Teaching a robot its limits, to complete open-ended tasks safely

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